The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases
Liposomes are closed bilayer structures spontaneously formed by hydrated phospholipids that are widely used as efficient delivery systems for drugs or antigens, due to their capability to encapsulate bioactive hydrophilic, amphipathic, and lipophilic molecules into inner water phase or within lipid...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00155/full |
| _version_ | 1828355836376776704 |
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| author | Roberto Nisini Noemi Poerio Sabrina Mariotti Federica De Santis Maurizio Fraziano |
| author_facet | Roberto Nisini Noemi Poerio Sabrina Mariotti Federica De Santis Maurizio Fraziano |
| author_sort | Roberto Nisini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liposomes are closed bilayer structures spontaneously formed by hydrated phospholipids that are widely used as efficient delivery systems for drugs or antigens, due to their capability to encapsulate bioactive hydrophilic, amphipathic, and lipophilic molecules into inner water phase or within lipid leaflets. The efficacy of liposomes as drug or antigen carriers has been improved in the last years to ameliorate pharmacokinetics and capacity to release their cargo in selected target organs or cells. Moreover, different formulations and variations in liposome composition have been often proposed to include immunostimulatory molecules, ligands for specific receptors, or stimuli responsive compounds. Intriguingly, independent research has unveiled the capacity of several phospholipids to play critical roles as intracellular messengers in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses through various mechanisms, including (i) activation of different antimicrobial enzymatic pathways, (ii) driving the fusion–fission events between endosomes with direct consequences to phagosome maturation and/or to antigen presentation pathway, and (iii) modulation of the inflammatory response. These features can be exploited by including selected bioactive phospholipids in the bilayer scaffold of liposomes. This would represent an important step forward since drug or antigen carrying liposomes could be engineered to simultaneously activate different signal transduction pathways and target specific cells or tissues to induce antigen-specific T and/or B cell response. This lipid-based host-directed strategy can provide a focused antimicrobial innate and adaptive immune response against specific pathogens and offer a novel prophylactic or therapeutic option against chronic, recurrent, or drug-resistant infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:49:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d822e4ea754845468f891026c9665eb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:49:38Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d822e4ea754845468f891026c9665eb72022-12-22T02:16:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242018-02-01910.3389/fimmu.2018.00155335017The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious DiseasesRoberto Nisini0Noemi Poerio1Sabrina Mariotti2Federica De Santis3Maurizio Fraziano4Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, ItalyLiposomes are closed bilayer structures spontaneously formed by hydrated phospholipids that are widely used as efficient delivery systems for drugs or antigens, due to their capability to encapsulate bioactive hydrophilic, amphipathic, and lipophilic molecules into inner water phase or within lipid leaflets. The efficacy of liposomes as drug or antigen carriers has been improved in the last years to ameliorate pharmacokinetics and capacity to release their cargo in selected target organs or cells. Moreover, different formulations and variations in liposome composition have been often proposed to include immunostimulatory molecules, ligands for specific receptors, or stimuli responsive compounds. Intriguingly, independent research has unveiled the capacity of several phospholipids to play critical roles as intracellular messengers in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses through various mechanisms, including (i) activation of different antimicrobial enzymatic pathways, (ii) driving the fusion–fission events between endosomes with direct consequences to phagosome maturation and/or to antigen presentation pathway, and (iii) modulation of the inflammatory response. These features can be exploited by including selected bioactive phospholipids in the bilayer scaffold of liposomes. This would represent an important step forward since drug or antigen carrying liposomes could be engineered to simultaneously activate different signal transduction pathways and target specific cells or tissues to induce antigen-specific T and/or B cell response. This lipid-based host-directed strategy can provide a focused antimicrobial innate and adaptive immune response against specific pathogens and offer a novel prophylactic or therapeutic option against chronic, recurrent, or drug-resistant infections.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00155/fullliposomeinfectious diseasetherapyimmunotherapydrugvaccine |
| spellingShingle | Roberto Nisini Noemi Poerio Sabrina Mariotti Federica De Santis Maurizio Fraziano The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases Frontiers in Immunology liposome infectious disease therapy immunotherapy drug vaccine |
| title | The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
| title_full | The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
| title_fullStr | The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
| title_short | The Multirole of Liposomes in Therapy and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
| title_sort | multirole of liposomes in therapy and prevention of infectious diseases |
| topic | liposome infectious disease therapy immunotherapy drug vaccine |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00155/full |
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