Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions
Background: Stored wheat grains are infested by several insect pests which lead to notable financial losses, compromised food security, and higher wastage. The confused flour beetle [Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] is a widespread pest infesting stored flour and grains. Pest ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002896 |
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| author | Ayhan Ogreten Sedat Eren Cahit Kaya Cetin Mutlu Tarkan Ayaz Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar Saif ul Malook Rania M. Mahmoud |
| author_facet | Ayhan Ogreten Sedat Eren Cahit Kaya Cetin Mutlu Tarkan Ayaz Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar Saif ul Malook Rania M. Mahmoud |
| author_sort | Ayhan Ogreten |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Stored wheat grains are infested by several insect pests which lead to notable financial losses, compromised food security, and higher wastage. The confused flour beetle [Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] is a widespread pest infesting stored flour and grains. Pest management in stored wheat requires ecofriendly option with lower toxicity to stored grains. Diatomaceous earths (DEs) are considered environment-friendly, green insecticides and often used to manage stored product pests. Methods: This study determined the impacts of different temperatures, relative humidity levels, and doses on the efficacy of three DEs [i.e., two raw native (Ankara, and Aydin), and one commercial (Silico-Sec)]. Two temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C), two relative humidity levels (40% and 60%) and five doses (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm) of the tested DEs were included in the study. Different DE doses were mixed with 500 g of wheat grains in plastic containers and 30 adults of T. confusum were released. The containers were kept under different temperature and relative humidity levels according to the treatments and mortality data was recorded at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatments (DAT). Results: The mortality linearly increased with increasing time intervals and DEs doses. The highest and the lowest mortality was noted at 21 and 7 DAT, respectively. All DEs caused higher mortality under 30 °C temperature, 40% relative humidity and 1000 ppm dose. The native DE Aydin and commercial DE Silico-Sec caused comparable mortalities. Conclusion: Overall, the highest mortality was recorded with 1000 ppm dose of all DEs under 30 °C temperature and 40% relative humidity. Therefore, the DEs must be applied at these environmental conditions for getting higher efficacy. Furthermore, the native DE Aydin could be utilized to manage T. confusum in the granaries. The farmer granaries in the region have similar temperature and relative humidity conditions; therefore, the DEs can be successfully used to lower the damages caused by T. confusum at farmers’ level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:21:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d82eeb2aa3e840478093ef7bf55ca835 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1018-3647 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:21:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d82eeb2aa3e840478093ef7bf55ca8352023-09-13T04:24:45ZengElsevierJournal of King Saud University: Science1018-36472023-10-01357102827Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditionsAyhan Ogreten0Sedat Eren1Cahit Kaya2Cetin Mutlu3Tarkan Ayaz4Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar5Saif ul Malook6Rania M. Mahmoud7Plant Protection Research Institute, Diyarbakir, TürkiyePlant Protection Research Institute, Diyarbakir, TürkiyePlant Protection Research Institute, Diyarbakir, TürkiyeDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye; Corresponding author at: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye.Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sirnak University, Sirnak, TürkiyeDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Fayoum, Fayoum, EgyptDepartment of Entomology & Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, United StatesBackground: Stored wheat grains are infested by several insect pests which lead to notable financial losses, compromised food security, and higher wastage. The confused flour beetle [Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] is a widespread pest infesting stored flour and grains. Pest management in stored wheat requires ecofriendly option with lower toxicity to stored grains. Diatomaceous earths (DEs) are considered environment-friendly, green insecticides and often used to manage stored product pests. Methods: This study determined the impacts of different temperatures, relative humidity levels, and doses on the efficacy of three DEs [i.e., two raw native (Ankara, and Aydin), and one commercial (Silico-Sec)]. Two temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C), two relative humidity levels (40% and 60%) and five doses (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm) of the tested DEs were included in the study. Different DE doses were mixed with 500 g of wheat grains in plastic containers and 30 adults of T. confusum were released. The containers were kept under different temperature and relative humidity levels according to the treatments and mortality data was recorded at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatments (DAT). Results: The mortality linearly increased with increasing time intervals and DEs doses. The highest and the lowest mortality was noted at 21 and 7 DAT, respectively. All DEs caused higher mortality under 30 °C temperature, 40% relative humidity and 1000 ppm dose. The native DE Aydin and commercial DE Silico-Sec caused comparable mortalities. Conclusion: Overall, the highest mortality was recorded with 1000 ppm dose of all DEs under 30 °C temperature and 40% relative humidity. Therefore, the DEs must be applied at these environmental conditions for getting higher efficacy. Furthermore, the native DE Aydin could be utilized to manage T. confusum in the granaries. The farmer granaries in the region have similar temperature and relative humidity conditions; therefore, the DEs can be successfully used to lower the damages caused by T. confusum at farmers’ level.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002896Native diatomaceous earthsEnvironmental factorsTemperatureHumidity, Mortality |
| spellingShingle | Ayhan Ogreten Sedat Eren Cahit Kaya Cetin Mutlu Tarkan Ayaz Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar Saif ul Malook Rania M. Mahmoud Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions Journal of King Saud University: Science Native diatomaceous earths Environmental factors Temperature Humidity, Mortality |
| title | Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions |
| title_full | Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions |
| title_fullStr | Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions |
| title_short | Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions |
| title_sort | insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against tribolium confusum duval coleoptera tenebrionidae under different environmental conditions |
| topic | Native diatomaceous earths Environmental factors Temperature Humidity, Mortality |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002896 |
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