The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis if left untreated. Despite remarkable achievements in understanding disease pathophysiology, specific treatments, and therapeutic strategies, we are still far from a definitive cure for the disease, and numerous evi...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5465 |
| _version_ | 1797582354940690432 |
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| author | Beatrice Pezzuto Piergiuseppe Agostoni |
| author_facet | Beatrice Pezzuto Piergiuseppe Agostoni |
| author_sort | Beatrice Pezzuto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis if left untreated. Despite remarkable achievements in understanding disease pathophysiology, specific treatments, and therapeutic strategies, we are still far from a definitive cure for the disease, and numerous evidences have underlined the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to improve the prognosis. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for assessing functional capacity and evaluating the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying exercise limitation. As effort dyspnea is the earliest and one of the main clinical manifestations of PAH, CPET has been shown to provide valid support in early detection, differential diagnosis, and prognostic stratification of PAH patients, being a useful tool in both the first approach to patients and follow-up. The purpose of this review is to present the current applications of CPET in pulmonary hypertension and to propose possible future utilization to be further investigated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:20:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d83629fae7d34132ae5cd7011b153d50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:20:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d83629fae7d34132ae5cd7011b153d502023-11-19T08:21:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-08-011217546510.3390/jcm12175465The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary HypertensionBeatrice Pezzuto0Piergiuseppe Agostoni1Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, ItalyCentro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, ItalyPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis if left untreated. Despite remarkable achievements in understanding disease pathophysiology, specific treatments, and therapeutic strategies, we are still far from a definitive cure for the disease, and numerous evidences have underlined the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to improve the prognosis. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for assessing functional capacity and evaluating the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying exercise limitation. As effort dyspnea is the earliest and one of the main clinical manifestations of PAH, CPET has been shown to provide valid support in early detection, differential diagnosis, and prognostic stratification of PAH patients, being a useful tool in both the first approach to patients and follow-up. The purpose of this review is to present the current applications of CPET in pulmonary hypertension and to propose possible future utilization to be further investigated.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5465pulmonary hypertensioncardiopulmonary exercise testprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Beatrice Pezzuto Piergiuseppe Agostoni The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension Journal of Clinical Medicine pulmonary hypertension cardiopulmonary exercise test prognosis |
| title | The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension |
| title_full | The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension |
| title_fullStr | The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension |
| title_short | The Current Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension |
| title_sort | current role of cardiopulmonary exercise test in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary hypertension |
| topic | pulmonary hypertension cardiopulmonary exercise test prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5465 |
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