The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey
The proliferation of inter-connected devices in critical industries, such as healthcare and power grid, is changing the perception of what constitutes critical infrastructure. The rising interconnectedness of new critical industries is driven by the growing demand for seamless access to information...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1788 |
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| author | Noshina Tariq Muhammad Asim Feras Al-Obeidat Muhammad Zubair Farooqi Thar Baker Mohammad Hammoudeh Ibrahim Ghafir |
| author_facet | Noshina Tariq Muhammad Asim Feras Al-Obeidat Muhammad Zubair Farooqi Thar Baker Mohammad Hammoudeh Ibrahim Ghafir |
| author_sort | Noshina Tariq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The proliferation of inter-connected devices in critical industries, such as healthcare and power grid, is changing the perception of what constitutes critical infrastructure. The rising interconnectedness of new critical industries is driven by the growing demand for seamless access to information as the world becomes more mobile and connected and as the Internet of Things (IoT) grows. Critical industries are essential to the foundation of today’s society, and interruption of service in any of these sectors can reverberate through other sectors and even around the globe. In today’s hyper-connected world, the critical infrastructure is more vulnerable than ever to cyber threats, whether state sponsored, criminal groups or individuals. As the number of interconnected devices increases, the number of potential access points for hackers to disrupt critical infrastructure grows. This new attack surface emerges from fundamental changes in the critical infrastructure of organizations technology systems. This paper aims to improve understanding the challenges to secure future digital infrastructure while it is still evolving. After introducing the infrastructure generating big data, the functionality-based fog architecture is defined. In addition, a comprehensive review of security requirements in fog-enabled IoT systems is presented. Then, an in-depth analysis of the fog computing security challenges and big data privacy and trust concerns in relation to fog-enabled IoT are given. We also discuss blockchain as a key enabler to address many security related issues in IoT and consider closely the complementary interrelationships between blockchain and fog computing. In this context, this work formalizes the task of securing big data and its scope, provides a taxonomy to categories threats to fog-based IoT systems, presents a comprehensive comparison of state-of-the-art contributions in the field according to their security service and recommends promising research directions for future investigations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:32:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d83a227b115842b5ab424f370ef9922f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:32:14Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-d83a227b115842b5ab424f370ef9922f2022-12-22T01:57:32ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-04-01198178810.3390/s19081788s19081788The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A SurveyNoshina Tariq0Muhammad Asim1Feras Al-Obeidat2Muhammad Zubair Farooqi3Thar Baker4Mohammad Hammoudeh5Ibrahim Ghafir6Department of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad 44000, PakistanCollege of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, UAEDepartment of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UKSchool of Computing, Mathematics and Digital Technology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UKFaculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech RepublicThe proliferation of inter-connected devices in critical industries, such as healthcare and power grid, is changing the perception of what constitutes critical infrastructure. The rising interconnectedness of new critical industries is driven by the growing demand for seamless access to information as the world becomes more mobile and connected and as the Internet of Things (IoT) grows. Critical industries are essential to the foundation of today’s society, and interruption of service in any of these sectors can reverberate through other sectors and even around the globe. In today’s hyper-connected world, the critical infrastructure is more vulnerable than ever to cyber threats, whether state sponsored, criminal groups or individuals. As the number of interconnected devices increases, the number of potential access points for hackers to disrupt critical infrastructure grows. This new attack surface emerges from fundamental changes in the critical infrastructure of organizations technology systems. This paper aims to improve understanding the challenges to secure future digital infrastructure while it is still evolving. After introducing the infrastructure generating big data, the functionality-based fog architecture is defined. In addition, a comprehensive review of security requirements in fog-enabled IoT systems is presented. Then, an in-depth analysis of the fog computing security challenges and big data privacy and trust concerns in relation to fog-enabled IoT are given. We also discuss blockchain as a key enabler to address many security related issues in IoT and consider closely the complementary interrelationships between blockchain and fog computing. In this context, this work formalizes the task of securing big data and its scope, provides a taxonomy to categories threats to fog-based IoT systems, presents a comprehensive comparison of state-of-the-art contributions in the field according to their security service and recommends promising research directions for future investigations.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1788securitybig dataInternet of Thingsfog computingedge computingblockchain |
| spellingShingle | Noshina Tariq Muhammad Asim Feras Al-Obeidat Muhammad Zubair Farooqi Thar Baker Mohammad Hammoudeh Ibrahim Ghafir The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey Sensors security big data Internet of Things fog computing edge computing blockchain |
| title | The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey |
| title_full | The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey |
| title_fullStr | The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey |
| title_short | The Security of Big Data in Fog-Enabled IoT Applications Including Blockchain: A Survey |
| title_sort | security of big data in fog enabled iot applications including blockchain a survey |
| topic | security big data Internet of Things fog computing edge computing blockchain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1788 |
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