Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Mood disorder, impulsivity and aggression are common in drug users compared to healthy controls. However, no study has focused on the difference in various types of drug users. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the differences in depression, anxiety, impulsivi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03933-z |
| _version_ | 1818060779232952320 |
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| author | Dan Luo Lu Tan Danlin Shen Zhe Gao LiangMing Yu Mingfeng Lai Jiajun Xu Jing Li |
| author_facet | Dan Luo Lu Tan Danlin Shen Zhe Gao LiangMing Yu Mingfeng Lai Jiajun Xu Jing Li |
| author_sort | Dan Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mood disorder, impulsivity and aggression are common in drug users compared to healthy controls. However, no study has focused on the difference in various types of drug users. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the differences in depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among methamphetamine, heroin and polysubstance users and to further explore the risk factors for severe depression in the three groups. Methods Drug users over 18 years old who met the DSM-V diagnostic criteria for substance -related disorders were included in the study. All participants completed a general questionnaire, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Barratt impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). One-way ANOVAs or Chi-square tests were used to test the differences among the groups, correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between drug use and other parameters, and multiple logistic regression was conducted to assess the risk factors for severe depression. Results A total of 1,486 participants were included, comprising 86.3% males with a mean age of 38.97 years. There was a significant difference in the percentage of severe depression and SDS scores among the three groups, but no significant difference was found in SAS, BIS-11 and BPAQ scores. Using methamphetamines, hostility and anxiety were risk factors for developing severe depression in all the participants and anxiety remained constant in the other three groups. Moreover, methamphetamine use was 2.16 and 3.35 times more likely to cause severe depression than heroin and polysubstance use, respectively. The initial age of substance use was negatively correlated with BPAQ, SAS, and SDS scores, whereas the drug use duration and addiction duration were positively correlated. Conclusions In this study, we found that the highest prevalence of severe depression was in participants using methamphetamines and that using methamphetamines, hostility, and anxiety were risk factors for developing severe depression. This result addressed an important gap in our knowledge of the different characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity and aggression in various types of substance users and provides clinicians and policy-makers with directions for intervention and preventing relapse. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:37:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d841c9db206648fa81eb299c23283c70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:37:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-d841c9db206648fa81eb299c23283c702022-12-22T01:46:47ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2022-04-0122111210.1186/s12888-022-03933-zCharacteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional studyDan Luo0Lu Tan1Danlin Shen2Zhe Gao3LiangMing Yu4Mingfeng Lai5Jiajun Xu6Jing Li7Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversitySleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityMental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background Mood disorder, impulsivity and aggression are common in drug users compared to healthy controls. However, no study has focused on the difference in various types of drug users. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the differences in depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among methamphetamine, heroin and polysubstance users and to further explore the risk factors for severe depression in the three groups. Methods Drug users over 18 years old who met the DSM-V diagnostic criteria for substance -related disorders were included in the study. All participants completed a general questionnaire, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Barratt impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). One-way ANOVAs or Chi-square tests were used to test the differences among the groups, correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between drug use and other parameters, and multiple logistic regression was conducted to assess the risk factors for severe depression. Results A total of 1,486 participants were included, comprising 86.3% males with a mean age of 38.97 years. There was a significant difference in the percentage of severe depression and SDS scores among the three groups, but no significant difference was found in SAS, BIS-11 and BPAQ scores. Using methamphetamines, hostility and anxiety were risk factors for developing severe depression in all the participants and anxiety remained constant in the other three groups. Moreover, methamphetamine use was 2.16 and 3.35 times more likely to cause severe depression than heroin and polysubstance use, respectively. The initial age of substance use was negatively correlated with BPAQ, SAS, and SDS scores, whereas the drug use duration and addiction duration were positively correlated. Conclusions In this study, we found that the highest prevalence of severe depression was in participants using methamphetamines and that using methamphetamines, hostility, and anxiety were risk factors for developing severe depression. This result addressed an important gap in our knowledge of the different characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity and aggression in various types of substance users and provides clinicians and policy-makers with directions for intervention and preventing relapse.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03933-zMethamphetamineHeroinSevere depressionImpulsivityAggression |
| spellingShingle | Dan Luo Lu Tan Danlin Shen Zhe Gao LiangMing Yu Mingfeng Lai Jiajun Xu Jing Li Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study BMC Psychiatry Methamphetamine Heroin Severe depression Impulsivity Aggression |
| title | Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Characteristics of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | characteristics of depression anxiety impulsivity and aggression among various types of drug users and factors for developing severe depression a cross sectional study |
| topic | Methamphetamine Heroin Severe depression Impulsivity Aggression |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03933-z |
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