Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China
Disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease is a rare and serious adverse event following immunization (AEFI) with BCG. Here, we reported two cases of disseminated BCG disease in the same family and reviewed the literature to identify another 35 cases in China. The average age at onset was 3...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1819102 |
| _version_ | 1827809559982374912 |
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| author | Jing Wang Qiang-Song Wu Ming-Bo Jiang Zhen-Hui Xu |
| author_facet | Jing Wang Qiang-Song Wu Ming-Bo Jiang Zhen-Hui Xu |
| author_sort | Jing Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease is a rare and serious adverse event following immunization (AEFI) with BCG. Here, we reported two cases of disseminated BCG disease in the same family and reviewed the literature to identify another 35 cases in China. The average age at onset was 3.7 ± 2.1 months among the 37 cases and only 21 cases (56.8%) were laboratory confirmed. Of the 37 cases, 22 were evaluated for immunodeficiency; definite immunodeficiency was observed in 16 cases (72.7%) and could not be excluded in the other six cases (27.3%). Following treatment, 20 of the 37 cases died (54.1%), one case developed sequelae (2.7%), four cases had progressive disease (10.8%), nine cases had stable disease (24.3%), and only three cases were cured (8.1%). Vaccination of infants with BCG is cost-effective and should not be stopped because of the possibility of rare disseminated BCG disease, especially in countries with high tuberculosis burdens such as China. However, infants with a family history of immunodeficiency should be vaccinated after excluding immunodeficiency-related diseases to minimize the risk of disseminated BCG disease. Furthermore, government should strengthen proactive surveillance programs to detect and treat rare AEFIs early and improve disease outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:42:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d851a3c4cc1c49e7859df96c8853f1ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:42:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d851a3c4cc1c49e7859df96c8853f1ec2023-09-22T08:51:51ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2021-05-011751382138610.1080/21645515.2020.18191021819102Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in ChinaJing Wang0Qiang-Song Wu1Ming-Bo Jiang2Zhen-Hui Xu3Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and PreventionXuhui District Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuangpu District Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuangpu District Center for Disease Control and PreventionDisseminated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease is a rare and serious adverse event following immunization (AEFI) with BCG. Here, we reported two cases of disseminated BCG disease in the same family and reviewed the literature to identify another 35 cases in China. The average age at onset was 3.7 ± 2.1 months among the 37 cases and only 21 cases (56.8%) were laboratory confirmed. Of the 37 cases, 22 were evaluated for immunodeficiency; definite immunodeficiency was observed in 16 cases (72.7%) and could not be excluded in the other six cases (27.3%). Following treatment, 20 of the 37 cases died (54.1%), one case developed sequelae (2.7%), four cases had progressive disease (10.8%), nine cases had stable disease (24.3%), and only three cases were cured (8.1%). Vaccination of infants with BCG is cost-effective and should not be stopped because of the possibility of rare disseminated BCG disease, especially in countries with high tuberculosis burdens such as China. However, infants with a family history of immunodeficiency should be vaccinated after excluding immunodeficiency-related diseases to minimize the risk of disseminated BCG disease. Furthermore, government should strengthen proactive surveillance programs to detect and treat rare AEFIs early and improve disease outcomes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1819102bcgdisseminated bcg diseaseaefiimmunodeficiency |
| spellingShingle | Jing Wang Qiang-Song Wu Ming-Bo Jiang Zhen-Hui Xu Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics bcg disseminated bcg disease aefi immunodeficiency |
| title | Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China |
| title_full | Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China |
| title_fullStr | Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China |
| title_short | Two cases of disseminated BCG disease following vaccination in the same family: case reports and review of the literature in China |
| title_sort | two cases of disseminated bcg disease following vaccination in the same family case reports and review of the literature in china |
| topic | bcg disseminated bcg disease aefi immunodeficiency |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1819102 |
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