Plant communities and food webs
Recent theoretical work has provided major new insights into the ways that species interactions in food webs are organized in ways that permit the coexistence of significant numbers of species. But, we seem to have forgotten about trees! Not the phylogenetic ones that are increasingly important for...
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Acceso en liña: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1253084/full |
| _version_ | 1827779730243321856 |
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| author | Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Matthew C. Hutchinson Matthew C. Hutchinson Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman |
| author_facet | Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Matthew C. Hutchinson Matthew C. Hutchinson Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman |
| author_sort | Andy Dobson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent theoretical work has provided major new insights into the ways that species interactions in food webs are organized in ways that permit the coexistence of significant numbers of species. But, we seem to have forgotten about trees! Not the phylogenetic ones that are increasingly important for dissecting the evolutionary structure of food webs, but the trees, shrubs and grasses that are the basal species in all terrestrial ecosystems. Many of the food webs available for analysis over the last 30 years were based on freshwater or marine systems where algae were the main plants. Trees are very different from algae; they can live for centuries, while annually producing leaves, fruits and seeds that provide nutrients for a diversity of species on higher trophic levels. In sharp contrast to algae, they are only partly consumed by herbivores and usually compensate or recover from herbivory. Most of the biomass in terrestrial systems is in the plants, this again contrasts with aquatic systems, where most of the biomass is in primary and secondary consumers. Moreover, each individual tree supports its own food web of species that are only partially coupled to those of surrounding trees. If we are going to apply our theoretical understanding of food-web structure to species-rich terrestrial ecosystems in ways that are insightful for conservation, then we need a deeper examination of the role that higher plants play in food webs. While community ecology has developed an increasingly detailed understanding of the ways plant communities are organized, this seems to have evolved almost independently of the food-web literature. In this article, we make a plea to more sharply consider higher plants in food webs and to do this by combining recent theoretical work on food webs, with recent empirical and theoretical work on plant communities. Ultimately, we argue for a deeper integration of plant community ecology into studies of food webs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:52:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d87cb0b51ff344a39de2e96b39d34f59 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:52:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-d87cb0b51ff344a39de2e96b39d34f592023-10-30T09:06:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2023-10-011110.3389/fevo.2023.12530841253084Plant communities and food websAndy Dobson0Andy Dobson1Andy Dobson2Matthew C. Hutchinson3Matthew C. Hutchinson4Sarah Batterman5Sarah Batterman6Sarah Batterman7Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United StatesSanta Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United StatesSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, PanamaDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, PanamaBiology Department, Leeds University, Leeds, United KingdomCary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, United StatesRecent theoretical work has provided major new insights into the ways that species interactions in food webs are organized in ways that permit the coexistence of significant numbers of species. But, we seem to have forgotten about trees! Not the phylogenetic ones that are increasingly important for dissecting the evolutionary structure of food webs, but the trees, shrubs and grasses that are the basal species in all terrestrial ecosystems. Many of the food webs available for analysis over the last 30 years were based on freshwater or marine systems where algae were the main plants. Trees are very different from algae; they can live for centuries, while annually producing leaves, fruits and seeds that provide nutrients for a diversity of species on higher trophic levels. In sharp contrast to algae, they are only partly consumed by herbivores and usually compensate or recover from herbivory. Most of the biomass in terrestrial systems is in the plants, this again contrasts with aquatic systems, where most of the biomass is in primary and secondary consumers. Moreover, each individual tree supports its own food web of species that are only partially coupled to those of surrounding trees. If we are going to apply our theoretical understanding of food-web structure to species-rich terrestrial ecosystems in ways that are insightful for conservation, then we need a deeper examination of the role that higher plants play in food webs. While community ecology has developed an increasingly detailed understanding of the ways plant communities are organized, this seems to have evolved almost independently of the food-web literature. In this article, we make a plea to more sharply consider higher plants in food webs and to do this by combining recent theoretical work on food webs, with recent empirical and theoretical work on plant communities. Ultimately, we argue for a deeper integration of plant community ecology into studies of food webs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1253084/fullfood webstreesstabilityplant communitiespollinationmutualism |
| spellingShingle | Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Andy Dobson Matthew C. Hutchinson Matthew C. Hutchinson Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman Sarah Batterman Plant communities and food webs Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution food webs trees stability plant communities pollination mutualism |
| title | Plant communities and food webs |
| title_full | Plant communities and food webs |
| title_fullStr | Plant communities and food webs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant communities and food webs |
| title_short | Plant communities and food webs |
| title_sort | plant communities and food webs |
| topic | food webs trees stability plant communities pollination mutualism |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1253084/full |
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