NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1
The first NOAA full-mission reanalysis (RAN1) of the sea surface temperature (SST) from the two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) onboard Terra (24 February 2000–present) and Aqua (4 July 2002–present) was performed. The dataset was produced using the NOAA Advanced Clear-Sky Pro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5589 |
| _version_ | 1797399668464812032 |
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| author | Olafur Jonasson Alexander Ignatov Boris Petrenko Victor Pryamitsyn Yury Kihai |
| author_facet | Olafur Jonasson Alexander Ignatov Boris Petrenko Victor Pryamitsyn Yury Kihai |
| author_sort | Olafur Jonasson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The first NOAA full-mission reanalysis (RAN1) of the sea surface temperature (SST) from the two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) onboard Terra (24 February 2000–present) and Aqua (4 July 2002–present) was performed. The dataset was produced using the NOAA Advanced Clear-Sky Processor for Ocean (ACSPO) enterprise SST system from Collection 6.1 brightness temperatures (BTs) in three MODIS thermal emissive bands centered at 3.7, 11, and 12 µm with a spatial resolution of 1 km at nadir. In the initial stages of reprocessing, several instabilities in the MODIS SST time series were observed. In particular, Terra SSTs and corresponding BTs showed three ‘steps’: two on 30 October 2000 and 2 July 2001 (due to changes in the MODIS operating mode) and one on 25 April 2020 (due to a change in its nominal blackbody temperature, BBT, from 290 to 285 K). Additionally, spikes up to several tenths of a kelvin were observed during the quarterly warm-up/cool-down (WUCD) exercises, when the Terra MODIS BBT was varied. Systematic gradual drifts of ~0.025 K/decade were also seen in both Aqua and Terra SSTs over their full missions due to drifting BTs. These calibration instabilities were mitigated by debiasing MODIS BTs using the time series of observed minus modeled (‘O-M’) BTs. The RAN1 dataset was evaluated via comparisons with various in situ SSTs. The data meet the NOAA specifications for accuracy (±0.2 K) and precision (0.6 K), often by a wide margin, in a clear-sky ocean domain of 19–21%. The long-term SST drift is typically less than 0.01 K/decade for all MODIS SSTs, except for the daytime ‘subskin’ SST, for which the drift is ~0.02 K/decade. The MODIS RAN1 dataset is archived at NOAA CoastWatch and updated monthly in a delayed mode with a latency of two months. Additional archival with NASA JPL PO.DAAC is being discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:43:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d887b1eb5aa843419ef8d4c54b669732 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:43:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-d887b1eb5aa843419ef8d4c54b6697322023-12-08T15:25:09ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-11-011523558910.3390/rs15235589NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1Olafur Jonasson0Alexander Ignatov1Boris Petrenko2Victor Pryamitsyn3Yury Kihai4STAR, NOAA Center For Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP), College Park, MD 20740, USASTAR, NOAA Center For Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP), College Park, MD 20740, USASTAR, NOAA Center For Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP), College Park, MD 20740, USASTAR, NOAA Center For Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP), College Park, MD 20740, USASTAR, NOAA Center For Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP), College Park, MD 20740, USAThe first NOAA full-mission reanalysis (RAN1) of the sea surface temperature (SST) from the two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) onboard Terra (24 February 2000–present) and Aqua (4 July 2002–present) was performed. The dataset was produced using the NOAA Advanced Clear-Sky Processor for Ocean (ACSPO) enterprise SST system from Collection 6.1 brightness temperatures (BTs) in three MODIS thermal emissive bands centered at 3.7, 11, and 12 µm with a spatial resolution of 1 km at nadir. In the initial stages of reprocessing, several instabilities in the MODIS SST time series were observed. In particular, Terra SSTs and corresponding BTs showed three ‘steps’: two on 30 October 2000 and 2 July 2001 (due to changes in the MODIS operating mode) and one on 25 April 2020 (due to a change in its nominal blackbody temperature, BBT, from 290 to 285 K). Additionally, spikes up to several tenths of a kelvin were observed during the quarterly warm-up/cool-down (WUCD) exercises, when the Terra MODIS BBT was varied. Systematic gradual drifts of ~0.025 K/decade were also seen in both Aqua and Terra SSTs over their full missions due to drifting BTs. These calibration instabilities were mitigated by debiasing MODIS BTs using the time series of observed minus modeled (‘O-M’) BTs. The RAN1 dataset was evaluated via comparisons with various in situ SSTs. The data meet the NOAA specifications for accuracy (±0.2 K) and precision (0.6 K), often by a wide margin, in a clear-sky ocean domain of 19–21%. The long-term SST drift is typically less than 0.01 K/decade for all MODIS SSTs, except for the daytime ‘subskin’ SST, for which the drift is ~0.02 K/decade. The MODIS RAN1 dataset is archived at NOAA CoastWatch and updated monthly in a delayed mode with a latency of two months. Additional archival with NASA JPL PO.DAAC is being discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5589NOAAACSPOsea surface temperatureSSTMODISNLSST |
| spellingShingle | Olafur Jonasson Alexander Ignatov Boris Petrenko Victor Pryamitsyn Yury Kihai NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 Remote Sensing NOAA ACSPO sea surface temperature SST MODIS NLSST |
| title | NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 |
| title_full | NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 |
| title_fullStr | NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 |
| title_short | NOAA MODIS SST Reanalysis Version 1 |
| title_sort | noaa modis sst reanalysis version 1 |
| topic | NOAA ACSPO sea surface temperature SST MODIS NLSST |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5589 |
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