Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima
ABSTRACT: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sophorolipids (SLs) supplementation as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and gut health of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima. In experiment 1, 336 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were wei...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912200236X |
| _version_ | 1818552486483460096 |
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| author | Inkyung Park Sungtaek Oh Doyun Goo Pietro Celi Hyun S. Lillehoj |
| author_facet | Inkyung Park Sungtaek Oh Doyun Goo Pietro Celi Hyun S. Lillehoj |
| author_sort | Inkyung Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sophorolipids (SLs) supplementation as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and gut health of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima. In experiment 1, 336 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were weighed and randomly allocated to the following 6 treatments groups with 7 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: control group that received a basal diet (NC), positive control group that received a basal diet and was challenged with E. maxima (PC), PC+C18:1 lactonic diacetyled SL (SL1), PC+C18:1 deacetyled SL (SL2), PC+C18:1 monoacetyled SL (SL3), and PC+C18:1 diacetyled SL (SL4). Each SL (200 mg/kg feed) was added to the corresponding treatment group. In experiment 2, 588 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were randomly allocated to the following experimental groups with 10 or 11 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: NC, PC, PC+ monensin at 90 mg/kg feed (MO), PC+SL1 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL1 200), PC+SL1 at 500 mg/kg feed (SL1 500), PC+SL4 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL4 200), and PC+SL4 at 500 mg/kg of feed (SL4 500). The chickens and feed were weighed at 0, 7, 14, 20, and 22 d to determine growth performance. In both experiments, all chickens except the NC group were orally infected with E. maxima (10,000 oocysts/chicken) at d 14. One chicken per cage was euthanized at d 20 to sample jejunal tissue to measure lesion scores, cytokines, and tight junction (TJ) proteins. Excreta samples were collected daily between d 20 and 22 to measure oocyst numbers. Data were analyzed using Mixed Model (PROC MIXED) in SAS. In experiment 1, SLs did not affect the growth of broiler chickens, but SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to PC chickens. In terms of cytokines and TJ protein gene expression, SLs increased (P < 0.05) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17F, IL-4, IL-13, occludin, and ZO1 levels compared to PC chickens. In experiment 2, monensin increased (P < 0.05) body weight, and decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to the PC group. SL4 500 increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain and feed conversion ratio but decreased (P < 0.05) lesion score and fecal oocyst number. SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) IL-6, IL-17F, TNFSF-15, IL-2, and IL-10 levels but increased (P < 0.05) occludin and ZO-1 levels. Overall, dietary SL supplementation, especially SL4, improved growth and gastrointestinal functionality of young broiler chickens, demonstrating significant potential as an antibiotic alternative. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:13:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d88fb8a6fed84ed39d6f211b06bb31e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:13:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d88fb8a6fed84ed39d6f211b06bb31e12022-12-22T00:29:26ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912022-07-011017101944Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maximaInkyung Park0Sungtaek Oh1Doyun Goo2Pietro Celi3Hyun S. Lillehoj4Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, MD 20705, USANeuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USAAnimal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, MD 20705, USADSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, AustraliaAnimal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, MD 20705, USA; Corresponding author:ABSTRACT: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sophorolipids (SLs) supplementation as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and gut health of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima. In experiment 1, 336 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were weighed and randomly allocated to the following 6 treatments groups with 7 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: control group that received a basal diet (NC), positive control group that received a basal diet and was challenged with E. maxima (PC), PC+C18:1 lactonic diacetyled SL (SL1), PC+C18:1 deacetyled SL (SL2), PC+C18:1 monoacetyled SL (SL3), and PC+C18:1 diacetyled SL (SL4). Each SL (200 mg/kg feed) was added to the corresponding treatment group. In experiment 2, 588 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were randomly allocated to the following experimental groups with 10 or 11 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: NC, PC, PC+ monensin at 90 mg/kg feed (MO), PC+SL1 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL1 200), PC+SL1 at 500 mg/kg feed (SL1 500), PC+SL4 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL4 200), and PC+SL4 at 500 mg/kg of feed (SL4 500). The chickens and feed were weighed at 0, 7, 14, 20, and 22 d to determine growth performance. In both experiments, all chickens except the NC group were orally infected with E. maxima (10,000 oocysts/chicken) at d 14. One chicken per cage was euthanized at d 20 to sample jejunal tissue to measure lesion scores, cytokines, and tight junction (TJ) proteins. Excreta samples were collected daily between d 20 and 22 to measure oocyst numbers. Data were analyzed using Mixed Model (PROC MIXED) in SAS. In experiment 1, SLs did not affect the growth of broiler chickens, but SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to PC chickens. In terms of cytokines and TJ protein gene expression, SLs increased (P < 0.05) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17F, IL-4, IL-13, occludin, and ZO1 levels compared to PC chickens. In experiment 2, monensin increased (P < 0.05) body weight, and decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to the PC group. SL4 500 increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain and feed conversion ratio but decreased (P < 0.05) lesion score and fecal oocyst number. SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) IL-6, IL-17F, TNFSF-15, IL-2, and IL-10 levels but increased (P < 0.05) occludin and ZO-1 levels. Overall, dietary SL supplementation, especially SL4, improved growth and gastrointestinal functionality of young broiler chickens, demonstrating significant potential as an antibiotic alternative.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912200236Xgrowth performancegastrointestinal functionalityantibiotic alternativesophorolipidcoccidiosi |
| spellingShingle | Inkyung Park Sungtaek Oh Doyun Goo Pietro Celi Hyun S. Lillehoj Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima Poultry Science growth performance gastrointestinal functionality antibiotic alternative sophorolipid coccidiosi |
| title | Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima |
| title_full | Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima |
| title_fullStr | Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima |
| title_short | Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima |
| title_sort | effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with eimeria maxima |
| topic | growth performance gastrointestinal functionality antibiotic alternative sophorolipid coccidiosi |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912200236X |
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