Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection
A 12-year-old girl was admitted to the authors’ hospital due to muscle weakness, gait disturbance, dysarthria, dysphagia, and diplopia. She experienced prodromal fever 10 days before admission. On examination, deep tendon reflex was absent in the extremities, and nerve conduction velocity was decrea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Karger Publishers
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/496224 |
| _version_ | 1819228013507641344 |
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| author | Miwa Yoshino Jun Muneuchi Eiko Terashi Yu Yoshida Yukitoshi Takahashi Susumu Kusunoki Yasuhiko Takahashi |
| author_facet | Miwa Yoshino Jun Muneuchi Eiko Terashi Yu Yoshida Yukitoshi Takahashi Susumu Kusunoki Yasuhiko Takahashi |
| author_sort | Miwa Yoshino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A 12-year-old girl was admitted to the authors’ hospital due to muscle weakness, gait disturbance, dysarthria, dysphagia, and diplopia. She experienced prodromal fever 10 days before admission. On examination, deep tendon reflex was absent in the extremities, and nerve conduction velocity was decreased in the ulnar nerve. She was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Despite steroid pulse therapy following administration of intravenous high-dose γ-globulin, clinical manifestations remained unchanged. Therefore, plasma exchange was performed on day 10 of the illness. The titer of serum Mycoplasma immunoglobulin M level was increased. Immunological testing was positive for serum anti-galactocerebroside C antibody. On day 18 of the illness, however, she developed generalized convulsion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed high intensity in the medial temporal lobes, including the hippocampus and thalamus on T2-weighted intensity imaging, which was consistent with limbic encephalitis. Further immunological tests revealed positivity for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor antibody in the cerebrospinal fluid. She was treated with additional plasma exchange; however, she exhibited residual manifestations including short-term memory disorder, emotional incontinence, and convulsions. This article describes a notable case of limbic encephalitis following GBS associated with prodromal Mycoplasma infection. It is interesting that autoimmune encephalopathy is concomitant with autoimmune polyneuropathy subsequent to Mycoplasma infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:50:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d88fd79179744ae99be9f9ffea7550cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-680X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:50:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Karger Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Reports in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d88fd79179744ae99be9f9ffea7550cd2022-12-21T17:49:55ZengKarger PublishersCase Reports in Neurology1662-680X2019-01-01111172310.1159/000496224496224Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma InfectionMiwa YoshinoJun MuneuchiEiko TerashiYu YoshidaYukitoshi TakahashiSusumu KusunokiYasuhiko TakahashiA 12-year-old girl was admitted to the authors’ hospital due to muscle weakness, gait disturbance, dysarthria, dysphagia, and diplopia. She experienced prodromal fever 10 days before admission. On examination, deep tendon reflex was absent in the extremities, and nerve conduction velocity was decreased in the ulnar nerve. She was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Despite steroid pulse therapy following administration of intravenous high-dose γ-globulin, clinical manifestations remained unchanged. Therefore, plasma exchange was performed on day 10 of the illness. The titer of serum Mycoplasma immunoglobulin M level was increased. Immunological testing was positive for serum anti-galactocerebroside C antibody. On day 18 of the illness, however, she developed generalized convulsion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed high intensity in the medial temporal lobes, including the hippocampus and thalamus on T2-weighted intensity imaging, which was consistent with limbic encephalitis. Further immunological tests revealed positivity for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor antibody in the cerebrospinal fluid. She was treated with additional plasma exchange; however, she exhibited residual manifestations including short-term memory disorder, emotional incontinence, and convulsions. This article describes a notable case of limbic encephalitis following GBS associated with prodromal Mycoplasma infection. It is interesting that autoimmune encephalopathy is concomitant with autoimmune polyneuropathy subsequent to Mycoplasma infection.https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/496224Limbic encephalitisGuillain-Barré syndromeMycoplasmaAntibody to NMDA-type GluRAnti-galactocerebroside antibody |
| spellingShingle | Miwa Yoshino Jun Muneuchi Eiko Terashi Yu Yoshida Yukitoshi Takahashi Susumu Kusunoki Yasuhiko Takahashi Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection Case Reports in Neurology Limbic encephalitis Guillain-Barré syndrome Mycoplasma Antibody to NMDA-type GluR Anti-galactocerebroside antibody |
| title | Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection |
| title_full | Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection |
| title_fullStr | Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection |
| title_short | Limbic Encephalitis following Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma Infection |
| title_sort | limbic encephalitis following guillain barre syndrome associated with mycoplasma infection |
| topic | Limbic encephalitis Guillain-Barré syndrome Mycoplasma Antibody to NMDA-type GluR Anti-galactocerebroside antibody |
| url | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/496224 |
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