Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats
Abstract Background This animal study aimed to explore the effects of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation on the developing femoral trochlea. Methods Seventy-two 3-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sham group (SG) underwent simple incision and suture of th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-03500-6 |
| _version_ | 1797945839106129920 |
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| author | Shiyu Tang Weifeng Li Shengjie Wang Fei Wang |
| author_facet | Shiyu Tang Weifeng Li Shengjie Wang Fei Wang |
| author_sort | Shiyu Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This animal study aimed to explore the effects of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation on the developing femoral trochlea. Methods Seventy-two 3-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sham group (SG) underwent simple incision and suture of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; the patellar hypermobility group (PHG) underwent medial and lateral retinacular release and pie-crusting technique for the patellar ligament; the patellar dislocation group (PDG) underwent plication of the medial patellofemoral retinaculum. Twelve rats in each group were euthanized at 3 and 6 weeks postoperatively, respectively, and specimens were collected. The bony sulcus angle (BSA), cartilaginous sulcus angle (CSA), trochlear sulcus depth (TSD), and thickness of the cartilage on the lateral facet (CTL), medial facet (CTM), and center (CTC) of the trochlea were measured on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Results In the PHG and PDG, the femoral condyles became blunt, the trochlear groove became shallower, and cartilage became thicker compared with the SG. Compared with the SG, the PHG and PDG had significantly larger BSA and CSA values at 3 (p < 0.05) and 6 weeks (p < 0.005), and a significantly shallower TSD (p < 0.05). At 3 weeks, all cartilage thicknesses in the PHG and the CTC and CTM in the PDG were significantly thinner than in the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.009 for CTL, p < 0.001 for CTM, p = 0.003 for CTC; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.028 for CTC, p = 0.048 for CTM). At 6 weeks, the CTC was thicker in the PHG and PDG than the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.044; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.027), and the CTL was thinner in the PDG than the SG (p = 0.044). Conclusion Patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation may result in trochlear dysplasia that worsens with age. Excessive or insufficient loading leads to trochlear dysplasia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:01:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d89607c465fb45ffa3ce28c054e6da70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-799X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:01:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d89607c465fb45ffa3ce28c054e6da702023-01-22T12:19:54ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2023-01-0118111010.1186/s13018-023-03500-6Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing ratsShiyu Tang0Weifeng Li1Shengjie Wang2Fei Wang3Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical, UniversityDepartment of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical, UniversityDepartment of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical, UniversityDepartment of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical, UniversityAbstract Background This animal study aimed to explore the effects of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation on the developing femoral trochlea. Methods Seventy-two 3-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sham group (SG) underwent simple incision and suture of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; the patellar hypermobility group (PHG) underwent medial and lateral retinacular release and pie-crusting technique for the patellar ligament; the patellar dislocation group (PDG) underwent plication of the medial patellofemoral retinaculum. Twelve rats in each group were euthanized at 3 and 6 weeks postoperatively, respectively, and specimens were collected. The bony sulcus angle (BSA), cartilaginous sulcus angle (CSA), trochlear sulcus depth (TSD), and thickness of the cartilage on the lateral facet (CTL), medial facet (CTM), and center (CTC) of the trochlea were measured on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Results In the PHG and PDG, the femoral condyles became blunt, the trochlear groove became shallower, and cartilage became thicker compared with the SG. Compared with the SG, the PHG and PDG had significantly larger BSA and CSA values at 3 (p < 0.05) and 6 weeks (p < 0.005), and a significantly shallower TSD (p < 0.05). At 3 weeks, all cartilage thicknesses in the PHG and the CTC and CTM in the PDG were significantly thinner than in the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.009 for CTL, p < 0.001 for CTM, p = 0.003 for CTC; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.028 for CTC, p = 0.048 for CTM). At 6 weeks, the CTC was thicker in the PHG and PDG than the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.044; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.027), and the CTL was thinner in the PDG than the SG (p = 0.044). Conclusion Patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation may result in trochlear dysplasia that worsens with age. Excessive or insufficient loading leads to trochlear dysplasia.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-03500-6Femoral trochlear dysplasiaPatellar hypermobilityPatellar dislocationLoadingRat |
| spellingShingle | Shiyu Tang Weifeng Li Shengjie Wang Fei Wang Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Femoral trochlear dysplasia Patellar hypermobility Patellar dislocation Loading Rat |
| title | Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| title_full | Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| title_fullStr | Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| title_short | Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| title_sort | abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats |
| topic | Femoral trochlear dysplasia Patellar hypermobility Patellar dislocation Loading Rat |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-03500-6 |
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