Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk?
After the 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, nursing-home residents and staff were evacuated voluntarily from damaged areas to avoid radiation exposure. Unfortunately, the evacuation resulted in increased mortalities among nursing home residents. We assessed the risk trade-o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4567272?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818499142216843264 |
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| author | Michio Murakami Kyoko Ono Masaharu Tsubokura Shuhei Nomura Tomoyoshi Oikawa Tosihiro Oka Masahiro Kami Taikan Oki |
| author_facet | Michio Murakami Kyoko Ono Masaharu Tsubokura Shuhei Nomura Tomoyoshi Oikawa Tosihiro Oka Masahiro Kami Taikan Oki |
| author_sort | Michio Murakami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After the 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, nursing-home residents and staff were evacuated voluntarily from damaged areas to avoid radiation exposure. Unfortunately, the evacuation resulted in increased mortalities among nursing home residents. We assessed the risk trade-off between evacuation and radiation for 191 residents and 184 staff at three nursing homes by using the same detriment indicator, namely loss of life expectancy (LLE), under four scenarios, i.e. "rapid evacuation (in accordance with the actual situation; i.e. evacuation on 22 March)," "deliberate evacuation (i.e. evacuation on 20 June)," "20-mSv exposure," and "100-mSv exposure." The LLE from evacuation-related mortality among nursing home residents was assessed with survival probability data from nursing homes in the city of Minamisoma and the city of Soma. The LLE from radiation mortality was calculated from the estimated age-specific mortality rates from leukemia and all solid cancers based on the additional effective doses and the survival probabilities. The total LLE of residents due to evacuation-related risks in rapid evacuation was 11,000 persons-d-much higher than the total LLEs of residents and staff due to radiation in the other scenarios (27, 1100, and 5800 persons-d for deliberate evacuation, 20 mSv-exposure, and 100 mSv-exposure, respectively). The latitude for reducing evacuation risks among nursing home residents is surprisingly large. Evacuation regulation and planning should therefore be well balanced with the trade-offs against radiation risks. This is the first quantitative assessment of the risk trade-off between radiation exposure and evacuation after a nuclear power plant accident. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:25:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d8961c62033a42be94ad81c61b671784 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:25:16Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8961c62033a42be94ad81c61b6717842022-12-22T01:34:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032015-01-01109e013790610.1371/journal.pone.0137906Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk?Michio MurakamiKyoko OnoMasaharu TsubokuraShuhei NomuraTomoyoshi OikawaTosihiro OkaMasahiro KamiTaikan OkiAfter the 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, nursing-home residents and staff were evacuated voluntarily from damaged areas to avoid radiation exposure. Unfortunately, the evacuation resulted in increased mortalities among nursing home residents. We assessed the risk trade-off between evacuation and radiation for 191 residents and 184 staff at three nursing homes by using the same detriment indicator, namely loss of life expectancy (LLE), under four scenarios, i.e. "rapid evacuation (in accordance with the actual situation; i.e. evacuation on 22 March)," "deliberate evacuation (i.e. evacuation on 20 June)," "20-mSv exposure," and "100-mSv exposure." The LLE from evacuation-related mortality among nursing home residents was assessed with survival probability data from nursing homes in the city of Minamisoma and the city of Soma. The LLE from radiation mortality was calculated from the estimated age-specific mortality rates from leukemia and all solid cancers based on the additional effective doses and the survival probabilities. The total LLE of residents due to evacuation-related risks in rapid evacuation was 11,000 persons-d-much higher than the total LLEs of residents and staff due to radiation in the other scenarios (27, 1100, and 5800 persons-d for deliberate evacuation, 20 mSv-exposure, and 100 mSv-exposure, respectively). The latitude for reducing evacuation risks among nursing home residents is surprisingly large. Evacuation regulation and planning should therefore be well balanced with the trade-offs against radiation risks. This is the first quantitative assessment of the risk trade-off between radiation exposure and evacuation after a nuclear power plant accident.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4567272?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Michio Murakami Kyoko Ono Masaharu Tsubokura Shuhei Nomura Tomoyoshi Oikawa Tosihiro Oka Masahiro Kami Taikan Oki Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? PLoS ONE |
| title | Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? |
| title_full | Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? |
| title_fullStr | Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? |
| title_short | Was the Risk from Nursing-Home Evacuation after the Fukushima Accident Higher than the Radiation Risk? |
| title_sort | was the risk from nursing home evacuation after the fukushima accident higher than the radiation risk |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4567272?pdf=render |
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