Five Different <i>Artemisia</i> L. Species Ethanol Extracts’ Phytochemical Composition and Their Antimicrobial and Nematocide Activity
Among the plants that exhibit significant or established pharmacological activity, the genus <i>Artemisia</i> L. deserves special attention. This genus comprises over 500 species belonging to the largest <i>Asteraceae</i> family. Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14372 |
| Summary: | Among the plants that exhibit significant or established pharmacological activity, the genus <i>Artemisia</i> L. deserves special attention. This genus comprises over 500 species belonging to the largest <i>Asteraceae</i> family. Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical composition of the ethanol extracts of five different <i>Artemisia</i> L. species (collected from the southwest of the Russian Federation) and their antimicrobial and nematocide activity as follows: <i>A. annua</i> cv. Novichok., <i>A. dracunculus</i> cv. Smaragd, <i>A. santonica</i> cv. Citral, <i>A. abrotanum</i> cv. Euxin, and <i>A. scoparia</i> cv. Tavrida. The study of the ethanol extracts of the five different <i>Artemisia</i> L. species using the methods of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) allowed establishing their phytochemical profile. The obtained data on the of five different <i>Artemisia</i> L. species ethanol extracts’ phytochemical composition were used to predict the antibacterial and antifungal activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms and nematocidal activity against the free-living soil nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. The major compounds found in the composition of the <i>Artemisia</i> L. ethanol extracts were monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, coumarins, and phenolic acids. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts began to manifest at a concentration of 150 µg/mL. The <i>A. dracunculus</i> cv. Smaragd extract had a selective effect against Gram-positive <i>R. iranicus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> bacteria, whereas the <i>A. scoparia</i> cv. Tavrida extract had a selective effect against Gram-negative <i>A. tumefaciens</i> and <i>X. arboricola</i> bacteria and <i>A. solani</i>, <i>R. solani</i> and <i>F. graminearum</i> fungi. The <i>A. annua</i> cv. Novichok, <i>A. dracunculus</i> cv. Smaragd, and <i>A. santonica</i> cv. Citral extracts in the concentration range of 31.3–1000 µg/mL caused the death of nematodes. It was established that <i>A. annua</i> cv. Novichok affects the UNC-63 protein, the molecular target of which is the nicotine receptor of the N-subtype. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |