The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel
This in vitro study aims to evaluate whether a solution of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) may exert a beneficial effect on the bonding of composite to enamel after using different bleaching agents and protocols. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was evaluated on 72 freshly extracted human central incisor...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/12/2710 |
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| author | Maroun Ghaleb Giovanna Orsini Angelo Putignano Sarah Dabbagh Georges Haber Louis Hardan |
| author_facet | Maroun Ghaleb Giovanna Orsini Angelo Putignano Sarah Dabbagh Georges Haber Louis Hardan |
| author_sort | Maroun Ghaleb |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This in vitro study aims to evaluate whether a solution of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) may exert a beneficial effect on the bonding of composite to enamel after using different bleaching agents and protocols. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was evaluated on 72 freshly extracted human central incisors, divided into eight experimental groups and one control group (total n = 9): Group 1 serves as control (nonbleached). Group 2 was bleached with 5% carbamide peroxide. Group 3 was bleached with 5% carbamide peroxide and then treated with 10% SA. Group 4 was bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide. Group 5 was bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. Group 6 was bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide. Group 7 was bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. Group 8 was bleached with 6% hydrogen peroxide. Group 9 was bleached with 6% hydrogen peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. All groups were restored immediately after the different treatments using a resin composite. The µTBS values were measured using a universal testing machine and statistical analysis was performed by means of normality and variance analyses, SIDAK test for univariate test and multiple comparisons, and Student test to compare µTBS values of each group with the control. The mean µTBS values in groups 2, 4, 6, 8 were significantly lower than controls. For groups 3, 5, 7, 9, subjected to antioxidant (10% SA) application, all µTBS values increased significantly. However, only for Groups 3 and 5 there was no significant difference with the control. Applying 10% SA for 10 min may improve the bond strength composite/bleached enamel just when whitening is performed with 5% and 10% carbamide peroxide. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:10:35Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d8b27e1a96ad48c7bf9cbb7b8baa3e6b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:10:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8b27e1a96ad48c7bf9cbb7b8baa3e6b2023-11-20T03:50:18ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-06-011312271010.3390/ma13122710The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and EnamelMaroun Ghaleb0Giovanna Orsini1Angelo Putignano2Sarah Dabbagh3Georges Haber4Louis Hardan5Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 11072180, LebanonDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 11072180, LebanonDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 11072180, LebanonDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 11072180, LebanonThis in vitro study aims to evaluate whether a solution of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) may exert a beneficial effect on the bonding of composite to enamel after using different bleaching agents and protocols. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was evaluated on 72 freshly extracted human central incisors, divided into eight experimental groups and one control group (total n = 9): Group 1 serves as control (nonbleached). Group 2 was bleached with 5% carbamide peroxide. Group 3 was bleached with 5% carbamide peroxide and then treated with 10% SA. Group 4 was bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide. Group 5 was bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. Group 6 was bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide. Group 7 was bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. Group 8 was bleached with 6% hydrogen peroxide. Group 9 was bleached with 6% hydrogen peroxide, then treated with 10% SA. All groups were restored immediately after the different treatments using a resin composite. The µTBS values were measured using a universal testing machine and statistical analysis was performed by means of normality and variance analyses, SIDAK test for univariate test and multiple comparisons, and Student test to compare µTBS values of each group with the control. The mean µTBS values in groups 2, 4, 6, 8 were significantly lower than controls. For groups 3, 5, 7, 9, subjected to antioxidant (10% SA) application, all µTBS values increased significantly. However, only for Groups 3 and 5 there was no significant difference with the control. Applying 10% SA for 10 min may improve the bond strength composite/bleached enamel just when whitening is performed with 5% and 10% carbamide peroxide.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/12/2710hydrogen peroxidecarbamide peroxidesodium ascorbateantioxidantmicrotensile bond strength |
| spellingShingle | Maroun Ghaleb Giovanna Orsini Angelo Putignano Sarah Dabbagh Georges Haber Louis Hardan The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel Materials hydrogen peroxide carbamide peroxide sodium ascorbate antioxidant microtensile bond strength |
| title | The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel |
| title_full | The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel |
| title_short | The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel |
| title_sort | effect of different bleaching protocols used with and without sodium ascorbate on bond strength between composite and enamel |
| topic | hydrogen peroxide carbamide peroxide sodium ascorbate antioxidant microtensile bond strength |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/12/2710 |
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