| Summary: | Antimicrobial peptides are molecules with strong antimicrobial activity and are of substantial interest for the immunization of insects. As a type of dipteran insect that can turn organic waste into animal feed, the black soldier fly (BSF) can “turn waste into treasure”. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial peptide genes, <i>HiCG13551</i> and <i>Hidiptericin-1,</i> of BSF in silkworms, by overexpressing the genes specifically in the midgut. Changes in the mRNA levels of the transgenic silkworms after infection with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were evaluated using transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that <i>Hidiptericin-1</i> had stronger antimicrobial activity than <i>HiCG13551</i>. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes in the transgenic overexpressed <i>Hidiptericin-1</i> silkworm lines from the D9L strain were mainly enriched in the starch and sucrose metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, drug metabolism (other enzymes), biotin metabolism, platinum drug resistance, galactose metabolism, and pancreatic secretion pathways. In addition, immune-related genes were up-regulated in this transgenic silkworm strain. Our study may provide new insights for future immune studies on insects.
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