Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival
Bacterial genotoxins are effectors that cause DNA damage in target cells. Many aspects of the biology of these toxins have been characterised in vitro, such as structure, cellular internalisation pathways and effects on the target cells. However, little is known about their function in vivo. Salmone...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shared Science Publishers OG
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Microbial Cell |
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| Online Access: | http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/bacterial-genotoxin-functions-as-immune-modulator-and-promotes-host-survival/ |
| _version_ | 1811319189004091392 |
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| author | Riccardo Guidi L. Del Bell Belluz T. Frisan |
| author_facet | Riccardo Guidi L. Del Bell Belluz T. Frisan |
| author_sort | Riccardo Guidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial genotoxins are effectors that cause DNA damage in target cells. Many aspects of the biology of these toxins have been characterised in vitro, such as structure, cellular internalisation pathways and effects on the target cells. However, little is known about their function in vivo. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a Gram-negative, intracellular bacterium that causes typhoid fever, a debilitating disease infecting more than 20 million people every year. S. Typhi produce a genotoxin named typhoid toxin (TT), but its role in the contest of host infection is poorly characterized. The major obstacle in addressing this issue is that S. Typhi is exclusively a human pathogen. To overcome this limitation, we have used as model bacterium S. Typhimurium, and engineered it to produce endogenous levels of an active and inactive typhoid toxin, hereby named as TT (or genotoxic) and cdtB (or control), respectively. To our surprise, infection with the genotoxin strain strongly suppressed intestinal inflammation, leading to a better survival of the host during the acute phase of infection, suggesting typhoid toxin may exert a protective role. The presence of a functional genotoxin was also associated with an increased frequency of asymptomatic carriers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:37:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d8cc263669f0437d98bf06e11c9b98fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-2638 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:37:38Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | Shared Science Publishers OG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbial Cell |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8cc263669f0437d98bf06e11c9b98fb2022-12-22T02:46:36ZengShared Science Publishers OGMicrobial Cell2311-26382016-07-013835535710.15698/mic2016.08.520Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survivalRiccardo Guidi0L. Del Bell Belluz1T. Frisan2The Laboratory of Allergy and Anti-Helminth Immunity, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm Sweden.Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm Sweden.Bacterial genotoxins are effectors that cause DNA damage in target cells. Many aspects of the biology of these toxins have been characterised in vitro, such as structure, cellular internalisation pathways and effects on the target cells. However, little is known about their function in vivo. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a Gram-negative, intracellular bacterium that causes typhoid fever, a debilitating disease infecting more than 20 million people every year. S. Typhi produce a genotoxin named typhoid toxin (TT), but its role in the contest of host infection is poorly characterized. The major obstacle in addressing this issue is that S. Typhi is exclusively a human pathogen. To overcome this limitation, we have used as model bacterium S. Typhimurium, and engineered it to produce endogenous levels of an active and inactive typhoid toxin, hereby named as TT (or genotoxic) and cdtB (or control), respectively. To our surprise, infection with the genotoxin strain strongly suppressed intestinal inflammation, leading to a better survival of the host during the acute phase of infection, suggesting typhoid toxin may exert a protective role. The presence of a functional genotoxin was also associated with an increased frequency of asymptomatic carriers.http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/bacterial-genotoxin-functions-as-immune-modulator-and-promotes-host-survival/genotoxinSalmonellatyphoid toxinDNA damage inflammationpersistent infection |
| spellingShingle | Riccardo Guidi L. Del Bell Belluz T. Frisan Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival Microbial Cell genotoxin Salmonella typhoid toxin DNA damage inflammation persistent infection |
| title | Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival |
| title_full | Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival |
| title_short | Bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival |
| title_sort | bacterial genotoxin functions as immune modulator and promotes host survival |
| topic | genotoxin Salmonella typhoid toxin DNA damage inflammation persistent infection |
| url | http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/bacterial-genotoxin-functions-as-immune-modulator-and-promotes-host-survival/ |
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