Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai
Outdoor public spaces that provide a comfortable microclimate significantly contribute to urban livability. However, more elaborate investigations are needed to enhance the research-based design of landscape spatial form for optimal thermal comfort performance. This study aimed to optimize the morph...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/9/1357 |
| _version_ | 1797581335077847040 |
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| author | Chundong Ma Yiyan Chen Wenlin Gao Binyi Liu |
| author_facet | Chundong Ma Yiyan Chen Wenlin Gao Binyi Liu |
| author_sort | Chundong Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Outdoor public spaces that provide a comfortable microclimate significantly contribute to urban livability. However, more elaborate investigations are needed to enhance the research-based design of landscape spatial form for optimal thermal comfort performance. This study aimed to optimize the morphological design of urban squares considering summer and winter microclimates by integrating multiple landscape elements of vegetation, waterbodies, buildings, and ground. The built environment microclimate simulation and validation of multi-physics coupling were conducted for thermal comfort, planar heterogeneity diagramming, and spatial typology identification. Further, research through design (RtD) was applied to reconstruct various spatial configurations and orientation forms to compare the relative thermal comfort areas of these geometrical prototypes in the target time period and square core zone. Among the landscape types, two identified spatial types for achieving better thermal comfort are the opening of a windward enclosure structure (ECS) that draws wind into the square in summer and an ECS without a windward opening that creates a more extended wind protection area in winter. Moreover, results of RtD show that the prototype with the smallest orientation angle to the prevailing wind direction has the most optimized thermal comfort during summer, while the form with a smaller angle to the prevailing wind direction is more favorable in winter. These findings provide methodological guidance for climate-adapted landscape square form optimization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:03:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d8d5c0aa0e5e489da4e569135f5b2aee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:03:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8d5c0aa0e5e489da4e569135f5b2aee2023-11-19T09:30:11ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-08-01149135710.3390/atmos14091357Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, ShanghaiChundong Ma0Yiyan Chen1Wenlin Gao2Binyi Liu3College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaTongji Urban Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaOutdoor public spaces that provide a comfortable microclimate significantly contribute to urban livability. However, more elaborate investigations are needed to enhance the research-based design of landscape spatial form for optimal thermal comfort performance. This study aimed to optimize the morphological design of urban squares considering summer and winter microclimates by integrating multiple landscape elements of vegetation, waterbodies, buildings, and ground. The built environment microclimate simulation and validation of multi-physics coupling were conducted for thermal comfort, planar heterogeneity diagramming, and spatial typology identification. Further, research through design (RtD) was applied to reconstruct various spatial configurations and orientation forms to compare the relative thermal comfort areas of these geometrical prototypes in the target time period and square core zone. Among the landscape types, two identified spatial types for achieving better thermal comfort are the opening of a windward enclosure structure (ECS) that draws wind into the square in summer and an ECS without a windward opening that creates a more extended wind protection area in winter. Moreover, results of RtD show that the prototype with the smallest orientation angle to the prevailing wind direction has the most optimized thermal comfort during summer, while the form with a smaller angle to the prevailing wind direction is more favorable in winter. These findings provide methodological guidance for climate-adapted landscape square form optimization.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/9/1357CFDmulti-physicsthermal comfort arealandscape configurationform optimizationresearch through design |
| spellingShingle | Chundong Ma Yiyan Chen Wenlin Gao Binyi Liu Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai Atmosphere CFD multi-physics thermal comfort area landscape configuration form optimization research through design |
| title | Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai |
| title_full | Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai |
| title_short | Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai |
| title_sort | optimization of landscape spatial configuration and form for thermal comfort a case study of urban square shanghai |
| topic | CFD multi-physics thermal comfort area landscape configuration form optimization research through design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/9/1357 |
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