A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach
Mycobacterium leprae is a bacterium that causes the disease leprosy (Hansen’s disease), which is a neglected tropical disease. More than 2,00,000 cases are being reported per year worldwide. This disease leads to a chronic stage known as lepra reaction that majorly causes nerve damage of the periphe...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Computational and Mathematical Biophysics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/cmb-2023-0117 |
| _version_ | 1797208535791042560 |
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| author | Nayak Dinesh Sangeetha Anamalamudi Vilvanathan Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran |
| author_facet | Nayak Dinesh Sangeetha Anamalamudi Vilvanathan Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran |
| author_sort | Nayak Dinesh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycobacterium leprae is a bacterium that causes the disease leprosy (Hansen’s disease), which is a neglected tropical disease. More than 2,00,000 cases are being reported per year worldwide. This disease leads to a chronic stage known as lepra reaction that majorly causes nerve damage of the peripheral nervous system leading to loss of organs. The early detection of this lepra reaction through the level of bio-markers can prevent this reaction occurring and the further disabilities. Motivated by this, we frame a mathematical model considering the pathogenesis of leprosy and the chemical pathways involved in lepra reactions. The model incorporates the dynamics of the susceptible Schwann cells, infected Schwann cells, and the bacterial load and the concentration levels of the bio-markers interferon-γ\hspace{0.1em}\text{interferon-}\hspace{0.1em}\gamma , tumor necrosis factor-α\hspace{0.1em}\text{tumor necrosis factor-}\hspace{0.1em}\alpha , IL (interleukin)-10\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL (interleukin)-}\hspace{0.1em}10, IL-12\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}12, IL-15\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}15, and IL-17\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}17. We consider a nine-compartment optimal control problem considering the drugs used in multi drug therapy (MDT) as controls. We validate the model using 2D heat plots. We study the correlation between the bio-markers levels and drugs in MDT and propose an optimal drug regimen through these optimal control studies. We use the Newton’s gradient method for the optimal control studies. |
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| issn | 2544-7297 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:40:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
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| series | Computational and Mathematical Biophysics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8ebfd88be9b4f2c871c82ff5b922ca32024-04-15T07:41:15ZengDe GruyterComputational and Mathematical Biophysics2544-72972023-12-0111125526810.1515/cmb-2023-0117A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approachNayak Dinesh0Sangeetha Anamalamudi Vilvanathan1Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, 515134, IndiaCentral Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603003, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, 515134, IndiaMycobacterium leprae is a bacterium that causes the disease leprosy (Hansen’s disease), which is a neglected tropical disease. More than 2,00,000 cases are being reported per year worldwide. This disease leads to a chronic stage known as lepra reaction that majorly causes nerve damage of the peripheral nervous system leading to loss of organs. The early detection of this lepra reaction through the level of bio-markers can prevent this reaction occurring and the further disabilities. Motivated by this, we frame a mathematical model considering the pathogenesis of leprosy and the chemical pathways involved in lepra reactions. The model incorporates the dynamics of the susceptible Schwann cells, infected Schwann cells, and the bacterial load and the concentration levels of the bio-markers interferon-γ\hspace{0.1em}\text{interferon-}\hspace{0.1em}\gamma , tumor necrosis factor-α\hspace{0.1em}\text{tumor necrosis factor-}\hspace{0.1em}\alpha , IL (interleukin)-10\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL (interleukin)-}\hspace{0.1em}10, IL-12\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}12, IL-15\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}15, and IL-17\hspace{0.1em}\text{IL-}\hspace{0.1em}17. We consider a nine-compartment optimal control problem considering the drugs used in multi drug therapy (MDT) as controls. We validate the model using 2D heat plots. We study the correlation between the bio-markers levels and drugs in MDT and propose an optimal drug regimen through these optimal control studies. We use the Newton’s gradient method for the optimal control studies.https://doi.org/10.1515/cmb-2023-0117hansen’s diseasetype i lepra reactionbio-markersmultidrug therapynewton’s gradient methodoptimal drug regimen37nxx92bxx92cxx |
| spellingShingle | Nayak Dinesh Sangeetha Anamalamudi Vilvanathan Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach Computational and Mathematical Biophysics hansen’s disease type i lepra reaction bio-markers multidrug therapy newton’s gradient method optimal drug regimen 37nxx 92bxx 92cxx |
| title | A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach |
| title_full | A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach |
| title_fullStr | A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach |
| title_short | A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach |
| title_sort | study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio markers and the optimal drug regimen of type i lepra reaction a deterministic approach |
| topic | hansen’s disease type i lepra reaction bio-markers multidrug therapy newton’s gradient method optimal drug regimen 37nxx 92bxx 92cxx |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/cmb-2023-0117 |
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