Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats

Beetroot is a nitrate-rich vegetable with cardiovascular benefits. This study examined whether ingestion of beetroot juice (BRJ) protects against pulmonary hypertension (PH). Rats were injected subcutaneously with 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) and randomized to receive either drinking water, low-dose...

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Main Authors: Masashi Tawa, Junya Nagano, Junpei Kitama, Shunto Abe, Ako Fujita, Keisuke Nakagawa, Mamoru Ohkita
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-11-01
Series:Future Pharmacology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9879/2/4/33
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author Masashi Tawa
Junya Nagano
Junpei Kitama
Shunto Abe
Ako Fujita
Keisuke Nakagawa
Mamoru Ohkita
author_facet Masashi Tawa
Junya Nagano
Junpei Kitama
Shunto Abe
Ako Fujita
Keisuke Nakagawa
Mamoru Ohkita
author_sort Masashi Tawa
collection DOAJ
description Beetroot is a nitrate-rich vegetable with cardiovascular benefits. This study examined whether ingestion of beetroot juice (BRJ) protects against pulmonary hypertension (PH). Rats were injected subcutaneously with 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) and randomized to receive either drinking water, low-dose BRJ (BRJ-L, nitrate content: 1.4 mmol/L), or high-dose BRJ (BRJ-H, nitrate content: 3.5 mmol/L), which was started 1 week after MCT injection and continued until the end of the experiment. Four weeks after MCT injection, right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) elevation, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were observed. These PH symptoms were less severe in rats supplemented with BRJ-L (Fulton index, <i>p</i> = 0.07; RVSP, <i>p</i> = 0.09, pulmonary arterial medial thickening, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and the beneficial effects were more pronounced than those of BRJ-H supplementation. Plasma and RV nitrite and nitrate levels did not change significantly, even when BRJ-L and BRJ-H were administered. There were no differences in plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a biomarker of oxidative stress, among the groups. BRJ-L supplementation significantly decreased RV TBARS levels compared to MCT alone (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas BRJ-H supplementation did not. These findings suggest that starting BRJ supplementation from an early stage of PH ameliorates disease severity, at least partly through the inhibition of local oxidative stress. Habitual ingestion of BRJ may be useful for the management of PH.
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spelling doaj.art-d911ef8d436447d19da2bd624352b5022023-11-24T14:59:04ZengMDPI AGFuture Pharmacology2673-98792022-11-012454755710.3390/futurepharmacol2040033Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in RatsMasashi Tawa0Junya Nagano1Junpei Kitama2Shunto Abe3Ako Fujita4Keisuke Nakagawa5Mamoru Ohkita6Department of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pathological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Osaka, JapanBeetroot is a nitrate-rich vegetable with cardiovascular benefits. This study examined whether ingestion of beetroot juice (BRJ) protects against pulmonary hypertension (PH). Rats were injected subcutaneously with 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) and randomized to receive either drinking water, low-dose BRJ (BRJ-L, nitrate content: 1.4 mmol/L), or high-dose BRJ (BRJ-H, nitrate content: 3.5 mmol/L), which was started 1 week after MCT injection and continued until the end of the experiment. Four weeks after MCT injection, right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) elevation, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were observed. These PH symptoms were less severe in rats supplemented with BRJ-L (Fulton index, <i>p</i> = 0.07; RVSP, <i>p</i> = 0.09, pulmonary arterial medial thickening, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and the beneficial effects were more pronounced than those of BRJ-H supplementation. Plasma and RV nitrite and nitrate levels did not change significantly, even when BRJ-L and BRJ-H were administered. There were no differences in plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a biomarker of oxidative stress, among the groups. BRJ-L supplementation significantly decreased RV TBARS levels compared to MCT alone (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas BRJ-H supplementation did not. These findings suggest that starting BRJ supplementation from an early stage of PH ameliorates disease severity, at least partly through the inhibition of local oxidative stress. Habitual ingestion of BRJ may be useful for the management of PH.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9879/2/4/33beetroot juicemonocrotalinenitrateoxidative stresspulmonary hypertension
spellingShingle Masashi Tawa
Junya Nagano
Junpei Kitama
Shunto Abe
Ako Fujita
Keisuke Nakagawa
Mamoru Ohkita
Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
Future Pharmacology
beetroot juice
monocrotaline
nitrate
oxidative stress
pulmonary hypertension
title Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
title_full Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
title_fullStr Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
title_full_unstemmed Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
title_short Ameliorative Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
title_sort ameliorative effects of beetroot juice supplementation on monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertension in rats
topic beetroot juice
monocrotaline
nitrate
oxidative stress
pulmonary hypertension
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9879/2/4/33
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