Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula
A spatially explicit management strategy is presented for Kirtland’s Warbler (<i>Setophaga kirtlandii</i>) habitat on the Hiawatha National Forest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The Hiawatha National Forest has a goal of continuously providing large patches of dense young jack pine for K...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/8/1065 |
| _version_ | 1797523866689470464 |
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| author | Eric Henderson Howard Hoganson |
| author_facet | Eric Henderson Howard Hoganson |
| author_sort | Eric Henderson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A spatially explicit management strategy is presented for Kirtland’s Warbler (<i>Setophaga kirtlandii</i>) habitat on the Hiawatha National Forest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The Hiawatha National Forest has a goal of continuously providing large patches of dense young jack pine for Kirtland’s warbler breeding habitat. The problem is challenging as patches of suitable habitat are relatively short lived, forcing large shifts in the location of large patches in the future. In this study, alternative management strategies for providing habitat are described, explicitly mapped, and compared on a 70,600 ha landscape in the context of implementing many desired conditions of the forest’s land management plan. Strategies are developed by using two interacting scheduling models. Comparisons address overall habitat levels, habitat spatial arrangement through time, and financial trade-offs. The financial cost of managing habitat is high and there are further financial trade-offs associated with aggregating habitat into large patches. Furthermore, the marginal cost of habitat increases as more habitat is added to the management system. Managers may use information about the added costs of spatially explicit habitat management to help evaluate the added benefits to the species. It is often expensive to establish wildlife habitat and desirable ecological conditions, but results show that there are potential benefits from using detailed computer-aided management scheduling tools to support the decision-making process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:48:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9199d407d8546d8b89106cc25d82bfc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:48:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9199d407d8546d8b89106cc25d82bfc2023-11-22T07:43:01ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072021-08-01128106510.3390/f12081065Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper PeninsulaEric Henderson0Howard Hoganson1USDA Forest Service Northern Region, 26 Fort Missoula Road, Missoula, MT 59804, USADepartment of Forest Resources and NC Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USAA spatially explicit management strategy is presented for Kirtland’s Warbler (<i>Setophaga kirtlandii</i>) habitat on the Hiawatha National Forest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The Hiawatha National Forest has a goal of continuously providing large patches of dense young jack pine for Kirtland’s warbler breeding habitat. The problem is challenging as patches of suitable habitat are relatively short lived, forcing large shifts in the location of large patches in the future. In this study, alternative management strategies for providing habitat are described, explicitly mapped, and compared on a 70,600 ha landscape in the context of implementing many desired conditions of the forest’s land management plan. Strategies are developed by using two interacting scheduling models. Comparisons address overall habitat levels, habitat spatial arrangement through time, and financial trade-offs. The financial cost of managing habitat is high and there are further financial trade-offs associated with aggregating habitat into large patches. Furthermore, the marginal cost of habitat increases as more habitat is added to the management system. Managers may use information about the added costs of spatially explicit habitat management to help evaluate the added benefits to the species. It is often expensive to establish wildlife habitat and desirable ecological conditions, but results show that there are potential benefits from using detailed computer-aided management scheduling tools to support the decision-making process.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/8/1065Kirtland’s warblerhabitat planningspatial planningfinancial trade-offsmultiple objectivesforest planning |
| spellingShingle | Eric Henderson Howard Hoganson Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula Forests Kirtland’s warbler habitat planning spatial planning financial trade-offs multiple objectives forest planning |
| title | Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula |
| title_full | Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula |
| title_fullStr | Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula |
| title_short | Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula |
| title_sort | spatially explicit kirtland s warbler habitat management scheduling in michigan s upper peninsula |
| topic | Kirtland’s warbler habitat planning spatial planning financial trade-offs multiple objectives forest planning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/8/1065 |
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