Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia
Background: The star fruit [Averrhoa carambola L (Oxalidaceae)] is traditionally used in the treatment of many ailments in many countries. It possesses several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it contains the neurotoxic caramboxin and its high...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1134812/full |
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| author | Maisa Siddiq Abduh Maisa Siddiq Abduh Sultan A. M. Saghir Sultan A. M. Saghir Amir M. Al Hroob Albandari Bin-Ammar Ayat H. Al-Tarawni Vikneswaran Murugaiyah Ayman M. Mahmoud Ayman M. Mahmoud |
| author_facet | Maisa Siddiq Abduh Maisa Siddiq Abduh Sultan A. M. Saghir Sultan A. M. Saghir Amir M. Al Hroob Albandari Bin-Ammar Ayat H. Al-Tarawni Vikneswaran Murugaiyah Ayman M. Mahmoud Ayman M. Mahmoud |
| author_sort | Maisa Siddiq Abduh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The star fruit [Averrhoa carambola L (Oxalidaceae)] is traditionally used in the treatment of many ailments in many countries. It possesses several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it contains the neurotoxic caramboxin and its high content of oxalic acid limits its consumption by individuals with compromised kidney function. This study assessed the anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of different fractions of the methanolic extract of A. carambola leaves (MEACL).Methods: The antioxidant activity was investigated using FRAP, and ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging assays and the inhibitory activity toward pancreatic lipase (PL) and HMG-CoA reductase was assayed in vitro. Acute hyperlipidemia was induced by poloxamer-407 (P-407) in rats and different fractions of MEACL (n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, ethyl acetate (EA), water, and chloroform) were orally administered. Cholesterol and triglycerides were determined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h and LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidants were assayed after 48 h. The expression of ABCA1, ABCG5, ABCG8, LDL-R, SREBP-1, and SREBP-2 and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase were assayed in the liver of P-407-administered rats treated with the EA fraction.Results: The in vitro data revealed potent radical-scavenging activities of MEACL fractions with the most potent effect showed by the EA fraction that also suppressed the activities of HMG-CoA reductase and PL. In P-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats, all fractions prevented dyslipidemia as shown by the decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, vLDL-C and atherogenic index. MEACL and its fractions prevented LPO and boosted GSH, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in P-407-administered rats. The EA fraction showed more effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects than other fractions and downregulated SREBP-2 while upregulated ABCA1 and LDL-R and ameliorated LPL and HMG-CoA reductase in hyperlipidemic rats.Conclusion: MEACL showed in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and the EA fraction significantly ameliorated dyslipidemia in a rat model of P-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia by modulating LPL, PL, HMG-CoA reductase, and cholesterolgenesis-related factors. Therefore, the leaves of A. carambola represent a safe alternative for the star fruit particularly in kidney disease patients, and the EA is the most effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant fraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d920a838d51040119c4aa94f6f30e72a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d920a838d51040119c4aa94f6f30e72a2023-02-06T05:28:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122023-02-011410.3389/fphar.2023.11348121134812Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemiaMaisa Siddiq Abduh0Maisa Siddiq Abduh1Sultan A. M. Saghir2Sultan A. M. Saghir3Amir M. Al Hroob4Albandari Bin-Ammar5Ayat H. Al-Tarawni6Vikneswaran Murugaiyah7Ayman M. Mahmoud8Ayman M. Mahmoud9Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JordanDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JordanDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Mutah University, Al-Karak, JordanDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MalaysiaDepartment of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United KingdomPhysiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptBackground: The star fruit [Averrhoa carambola L (Oxalidaceae)] is traditionally used in the treatment of many ailments in many countries. It possesses several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it contains the neurotoxic caramboxin and its high content of oxalic acid limits its consumption by individuals with compromised kidney function. This study assessed the anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of different fractions of the methanolic extract of A. carambola leaves (MEACL).Methods: The antioxidant activity was investigated using FRAP, and ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging assays and the inhibitory activity toward pancreatic lipase (PL) and HMG-CoA reductase was assayed in vitro. Acute hyperlipidemia was induced by poloxamer-407 (P-407) in rats and different fractions of MEACL (n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, ethyl acetate (EA), water, and chloroform) were orally administered. Cholesterol and triglycerides were determined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h and LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidants were assayed after 48 h. The expression of ABCA1, ABCG5, ABCG8, LDL-R, SREBP-1, and SREBP-2 and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase were assayed in the liver of P-407-administered rats treated with the EA fraction.Results: The in vitro data revealed potent radical-scavenging activities of MEACL fractions with the most potent effect showed by the EA fraction that also suppressed the activities of HMG-CoA reductase and PL. In P-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats, all fractions prevented dyslipidemia as shown by the decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, vLDL-C and atherogenic index. MEACL and its fractions prevented LPO and boosted GSH, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in P-407-administered rats. The EA fraction showed more effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects than other fractions and downregulated SREBP-2 while upregulated ABCA1 and LDL-R and ameliorated LPL and HMG-CoA reductase in hyperlipidemic rats.Conclusion: MEACL showed in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and the EA fraction significantly ameliorated dyslipidemia in a rat model of P-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia by modulating LPL, PL, HMG-CoA reductase, and cholesterolgenesis-related factors. Therefore, the leaves of A. carambola represent a safe alternative for the star fruit particularly in kidney disease patients, and the EA is the most effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant fraction.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1134812/fullstar fruitdyslipidemiaoxidative stresscholesteroltriglycerides |
| spellingShingle | Maisa Siddiq Abduh Maisa Siddiq Abduh Sultan A. M. Saghir Sultan A. M. Saghir Amir M. Al Hroob Albandari Bin-Ammar Ayat H. Al-Tarawni Vikneswaran Murugaiyah Ayman M. Mahmoud Ayman M. Mahmoud Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia Frontiers in Pharmacology star fruit dyslipidemia oxidative stress cholesterol triglycerides |
| title | Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| title_full | Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| title_fullStr | Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| title_short | Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| title_sort | averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer 407 induced acute hyperlipidemia |
| topic | star fruit dyslipidemia oxidative stress cholesterol triglycerides |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1134812/full |
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