Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent and long-lived greenhouse gas that accounts for roughly 6% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and it has risen from its preindustrial concentration of 270 ppb N2O to 332 ppb N2O as a result of human activities. The majority of anthropogenic N2O emission...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Climate |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2023.1203043/full |
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| author | Isabella Chiaravalloti Nicolas Theunissen Shuang Zhang Jiuyuan Wang Fengchao Sun Ayesha A. Ahmed Evelin Pihlap Christopher T. Reinhard Noah J. Planavsky Noah J. Planavsky |
| author_facet | Isabella Chiaravalloti Nicolas Theunissen Shuang Zhang Jiuyuan Wang Fengchao Sun Ayesha A. Ahmed Evelin Pihlap Christopher T. Reinhard Noah J. Planavsky Noah J. Planavsky |
| author_sort | Isabella Chiaravalloti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent and long-lived greenhouse gas that accounts for roughly 6% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and it has risen from its preindustrial concentration of 270 ppb N2O to 332 ppb N2O as a result of human activities. The majority of anthropogenic N2O emissions (52–80%) come from agricultural settings due to high rates of reactive nitrogen fertilizer application. Amending soils with fine-grained basalt is gaining traction as a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) pathway, and model simulations suggest that this process may also significantly decrease soil N2O emissions. Here, we continuously measure N2O fluxes from large-scale maize mesocosms in a greenhouse setting and use a machine learning framework to assess the relative importance of the levers on N2O fluxes. We observe significant decreases in cumulative N2O emissions (between 29–32%) from mesocosm systems with basalt addition. We find that basalt application rate, soil pH, and surface soil moisture are the strongest levers on N2O emissions depending on the system settings. These results provide empirical support for a potentially significant co-benefit of deploying enhanced rock weathering of silicates (ERW) on managed lands, particularly those subject to elevated rates of reactive nitrogen input. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:53:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d933fcd5bb9145138852f4ef96526749 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-9553 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:53:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Climate |
| spelling | doaj.art-d933fcd5bb9145138852f4ef965267492023-06-22T09:42:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Climate2624-95532023-06-01510.3389/fclim.2023.12030431203043Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendmentsIsabella Chiaravalloti0Nicolas Theunissen1Shuang Zhang2Jiuyuan Wang3Fengchao Sun4Ayesha A. Ahmed5Evelin Pihlap6Christopher T. Reinhard7Noah J. Planavsky8Noah J. Planavsky9Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United StatesDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesSchool of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesSchool of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesYale Center for Natural Carbon Capture, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesNitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent and long-lived greenhouse gas that accounts for roughly 6% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and it has risen from its preindustrial concentration of 270 ppb N2O to 332 ppb N2O as a result of human activities. The majority of anthropogenic N2O emissions (52–80%) come from agricultural settings due to high rates of reactive nitrogen fertilizer application. Amending soils with fine-grained basalt is gaining traction as a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) pathway, and model simulations suggest that this process may also significantly decrease soil N2O emissions. Here, we continuously measure N2O fluxes from large-scale maize mesocosms in a greenhouse setting and use a machine learning framework to assess the relative importance of the levers on N2O fluxes. We observe significant decreases in cumulative N2O emissions (between 29–32%) from mesocosm systems with basalt addition. We find that basalt application rate, soil pH, and surface soil moisture are the strongest levers on N2O emissions depending on the system settings. These results provide empirical support for a potentially significant co-benefit of deploying enhanced rock weathering of silicates (ERW) on managed lands, particularly those subject to elevated rates of reactive nitrogen input.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2023.1203043/fullbasaltmaizenitrous oxideenhanced silicate weatheringagriculture |
| spellingShingle | Isabella Chiaravalloti Nicolas Theunissen Shuang Zhang Jiuyuan Wang Fengchao Sun Ayesha A. Ahmed Evelin Pihlap Christopher T. Reinhard Noah J. Planavsky Noah J. Planavsky Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments Frontiers in Climate basalt maize nitrous oxide enhanced silicate weathering agriculture |
| title | Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| title_full | Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| title_fullStr | Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| title_short | Mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| title_sort | mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions during maize production with basalt amendments |
| topic | basalt maize nitrous oxide enhanced silicate weathering agriculture |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2023.1203043/full |
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