Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice
Malaria remains a life-threatening health problem and encounters with the increasing of antimalarial drug resistance. Medicinal plants play a critical role in synthesizing novel and potent antimalarial agents. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antiplasmodial activity, a...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/12/395 |
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| author | Walaiporn Plirat Prapaporn Chaniad Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad |
| author_facet | Walaiporn Plirat Prapaporn Chaniad Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad |
| author_sort | Walaiporn Plirat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria remains a life-threatening health problem and encounters with the increasing of antimalarial drug resistance. Medicinal plants play a critical role in synthesizing novel and potent antimalarial agents. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antiplasmodial activity, and evaluate the toxicity of crude ethanolic extracts of <i>Myristica fragrans</i>, <i>Atractylodes lancea</i>, and Prabchompoothaweep remedy in a mouse model. The phytochemical constituents were characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antimalarial efficacy against <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> was assessed using 4-day suppressive tests at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight. Acute toxicity was assessed at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of crude extracts. The 4-day suppression test showed that all crude extracts significantly suppressed parasitemia (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the control group. Higher parasitemia suppression was observed both in Prabchompoothaweep remedy at a dose of 600 mg/kg (60.1%), and <i>A. lancea</i> at a dose of 400 mg/kg (60.1%). The acute oral toxicity test indicated that the LD<sub>50</sub> values of all extracts were greater than 2000 mg/kg and that these extracts were not toxic in the mouse model. LC-MS analysis revealed several compounds in <i>M. fragrans</i>, <i>A. lancea</i>, and Prabchompoothaweep remedy. For quantitative analysis, 1,2,6,8-tetrahydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone 2-<i>O</i>-b-D-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, and 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) ethyl 3-hydroxyoctanoate were found in <i>A. lancea</i>, while (7′x,8′x)-4,7′-epoxy-3,8′-bilign-7-ene-3,5′-dimethoxy-4′,9,9′-triol, edulisin III, and tetra-hydrosappanone A trimethyl ether are found in <i>M. fragrans</i>. 6′-O-Formylmarmin was present in the Prabchompoothaweep remedy, followed by pterostilbene glycinate and amlaic acid. This study showed that the ethanolic extracts of <i>A. lancea</i> and Prabchompoothaweep remedy possess antimalarial activity against <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>. None of the extracts had toxic effects on liver and kidney function. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of <i>A. lancea</i> rhizome and Prabchompoothaweep remedy could be used as an alternative source of new antimalarial agents. Further studies are needed to determine the active compounds in both extracts. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9401f2c2844438bad07555d131195cb2023-11-24T18:27:50ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662022-11-0171239510.3390/tropicalmed7120395Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected MiceWalaiporn Plirat0Prapaporn Chaniad1Arisara Phuwajaroanpong2Abdi Wira Septama3Chuchard Punsawad4Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandResearch Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandMalaria remains a life-threatening health problem and encounters with the increasing of antimalarial drug resistance. Medicinal plants play a critical role in synthesizing novel and potent antimalarial agents. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antiplasmodial activity, and evaluate the toxicity of crude ethanolic extracts of <i>Myristica fragrans</i>, <i>Atractylodes lancea</i>, and Prabchompoothaweep remedy in a mouse model. The phytochemical constituents were characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antimalarial efficacy against <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> was assessed using 4-day suppressive tests at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight. Acute toxicity was assessed at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of crude extracts. The 4-day suppression test showed that all crude extracts significantly suppressed parasitemia (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the control group. Higher parasitemia suppression was observed both in Prabchompoothaweep remedy at a dose of 600 mg/kg (60.1%), and <i>A. lancea</i> at a dose of 400 mg/kg (60.1%). The acute oral toxicity test indicated that the LD<sub>50</sub> values of all extracts were greater than 2000 mg/kg and that these extracts were not toxic in the mouse model. LC-MS analysis revealed several compounds in <i>M. fragrans</i>, <i>A. lancea</i>, and Prabchompoothaweep remedy. For quantitative analysis, 1,2,6,8-tetrahydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone 2-<i>O</i>-b-D-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, and 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) ethyl 3-hydroxyoctanoate were found in <i>A. lancea</i>, while (7′x,8′x)-4,7′-epoxy-3,8′-bilign-7-ene-3,5′-dimethoxy-4′,9,9′-triol, edulisin III, and tetra-hydrosappanone A trimethyl ether are found in <i>M. fragrans</i>. 6′-O-Formylmarmin was present in the Prabchompoothaweep remedy, followed by pterostilbene glycinate and amlaic acid. This study showed that the ethanolic extracts of <i>A. lancea</i> and Prabchompoothaweep remedy possess antimalarial activity against <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>. None of the extracts had toxic effects on liver and kidney function. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of <i>A. lancea</i> rhizome and Prabchompoothaweep remedy could be used as an alternative source of new antimalarial agents. Further studies are needed to determine the active compounds in both extracts.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/12/395antimalarial activitytoxicityPrabchompoothaweep remedy<i>Myritica fragrans</i><i>Atractylodes lancea</i>malaria |
| spellingShingle | Walaiporn Plirat Prapaporn Chaniad Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease antimalarial activity toxicity Prabchompoothaweep remedy <i>Myritica fragrans</i> <i>Atractylodes lancea</i> malaria |
| title | Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice |
| title_full | Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice |
| title_short | Phytochemical, Antimalarial, and Acute Oral Toxicity Properties of Selected Crude Extracts of Prabchompoothaweep Remedy in <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-Infected Mice |
| title_sort | phytochemical antimalarial and acute oral toxicity properties of selected crude extracts of prabchompoothaweep remedy in i plasmodium berghei i infected mice |
| topic | antimalarial activity toxicity Prabchompoothaweep remedy <i>Myritica fragrans</i> <i>Atractylodes lancea</i> malaria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/12/395 |
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