Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil
Acid sulfate soil (ASS) has major problems related to phosphorus deficiency and high potential for N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, as well as strong acidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar and compost on P availability and greenhouse gas (GHG) emis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/5/685 |
| _version_ | 1827717024456900608 |
|---|---|
| author | Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Chau Minh Khoi Karl Ritz Nguyen Van Sinh Mitsunori Tarao Koki Toyota |
| author_facet | Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Chau Minh Khoi Karl Ritz Nguyen Van Sinh Mitsunori Tarao Koki Toyota |
| author_sort | Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acid sulfate soil (ASS) has major problems related to phosphorus deficiency and high potential for N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, as well as strong acidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar and compost on P availability and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in ASS in <i>in vitro</i> incubation studies. An ASS was amended with two types of rice husk biochar (at rates of 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, and 50 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, equivalent to 0 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, 20 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, and 50 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, assuming that bulk density was 1 g cm<sup>−3</sup> and evenly applied for 10 cm in depth) and compost (at rates of 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, and 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, equivalent to 0 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, and 20 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and incubated. Application of compost increased labile P by 100% and 200% at rates of 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup> and 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Both biochars showed an increase in NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-soluble inorganic P by 16% to 30%, decreases in NaOH-soluble inorganic P and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-soluble organic P. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions were significantly decreased by 80% by a biochar with a higher surface area and higher NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> adsorption capacity at a rate of 50 g kg<sup>−1</sup> as compared with those in un-amended soil. In contrast, compost amendment at a rate of 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup> significantly increased N<sub>2</sub>O emission by 150%. These results suggest that in ASS, whilst compost is more effective in improving P availability, biochar is more effective in mitigating GHG emissions, emphasizing that fundamental characteristics of organic amendments influenced the outcomes in terms of desirable effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d944bfe34abd4d618c295315be881600 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d944bfe34abd4d618c295315be8816002023-11-20T00:14:05ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-05-0110568510.3390/agronomy10050685Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate SoilNguyen Thi Kim Phuong0Chau Minh Khoi1Karl Ritz2Nguyen Van Sinh3Mitsunori Tarao4Koki Toyota5Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, JapanDepartment of Soil Science, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3-2 street, Can Tho 900100, VietnamSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UKGraduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, JapanGraduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, JapanAcid sulfate soil (ASS) has major problems related to phosphorus deficiency and high potential for N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, as well as strong acidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar and compost on P availability and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in ASS in <i>in vitro</i> incubation studies. An ASS was amended with two types of rice husk biochar (at rates of 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, and 50 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, equivalent to 0 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, 20 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, and 50 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, assuming that bulk density was 1 g cm<sup>−3</sup> and evenly applied for 10 cm in depth) and compost (at rates of 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, and 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, equivalent to 0 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, and 20 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and incubated. Application of compost increased labile P by 100% and 200% at rates of 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup> and 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Both biochars showed an increase in NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-soluble inorganic P by 16% to 30%, decreases in NaOH-soluble inorganic P and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-soluble organic P. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions were significantly decreased by 80% by a biochar with a higher surface area and higher NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> adsorption capacity at a rate of 50 g kg<sup>−1</sup> as compared with those in un-amended soil. In contrast, compost amendment at a rate of 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup> significantly increased N<sub>2</sub>O emission by 150%. These results suggest that in ASS, whilst compost is more effective in improving P availability, biochar is more effective in mitigating GHG emissions, emphasizing that fundamental characteristics of organic amendments influenced the outcomes in terms of desirable effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/5/685N<sub>2</sub>O emissionsorganic amendmentsP deficiencyP fractions |
| spellingShingle | Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Chau Minh Khoi Karl Ritz Nguyen Van Sinh Mitsunori Tarao Koki Toyota Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil Agronomy N<sub>2</sub>O emissions organic amendments P deficiency P fractions |
| title | Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil |
| title_full | Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil |
| title_fullStr | Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil |
| title_short | Potential Use of Rice Husk Biochar and Compost to Improve P Availability and Reduce GHG Emissions in Acid Sulfate Soil |
| title_sort | potential use of rice husk biochar and compost to improve p availability and reduce ghg emissions in acid sulfate soil |
| topic | N<sub>2</sub>O emissions organic amendments P deficiency P fractions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/5/685 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nguyenthikimphuong potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil AT chauminhkhoi potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil AT karlritz potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil AT nguyenvansinh potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil AT mitsunoritarao potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil AT kokitoyota potentialuseofricehuskbiocharandcomposttoimprovepavailabilityandreduceghgemissionsinacidsulfatesoil |