Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis
Plants have evolved a number of defense and adaptation responses to protect themselves against challenging environmental stresses. Genes containing a heavy metal associated (HMA) domain are required for the spatiotemporal transportation of metal ions that bind with various enzymes and co-factors wit...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| author | Guandi He Lijun Qin Weijun Tian Lulu Meng Tengbing He Degang Zhao |
| author_facet | Guandi He Lijun Qin Weijun Tian Lulu Meng Tengbing He Degang Zhao |
| author_sort | Guandi He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants have evolved a number of defense and adaptation responses to protect themselves against challenging environmental stresses. Genes containing a heavy metal associated (HMA) domain are required for the spatiotemporal transportation of metal ions that bind with various enzymes and co-factors within the cell. To uncover the underlying mechanisms mediated by <i>StHMA</i> genes, we identified 36 gene members in the StHMA family and divided them into six subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. The <i>StHMA</i>s had high collinearity and were segmentally duplicated. Structurally, most StHMAs had one HMA domain, StHIPPc and StRNA1 subfamilies had two, and 13 StHMAs may be genetically variable. The StHMA gene structures and motifs varied considerably among the various classifications, this suggests the StHMA family is diverse in genetic functions. The promoter analysis showed that the <i>StHMA</i>s had six main cis-acting elements with abiotic stress. An expression pattern analysis revealed that the <i>StHMA</i>s were expressed tissue specifically, and a variety of abiotic stresses may induce the expression of StHMA family genes. The HMA transporter family may be regulated and expressed by a series of complex signal networks under abiotic stress. The results of this study may help to establish a theoretical foundation for further research investigating the functions of HMA genes in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> to elucidate their regulatory role in the mechanism governing the response of plants to abiotic stress. |
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| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:17:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-d94c5c21c8c145e683bdd9d6513102e42023-11-20T18:49:42ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-10-011111126910.3390/genes11111269Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression AnalysisGuandi He0Lijun Qin1Weijun Tian2Lulu Meng3Tengbing He4Degang Zhao5The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaAgricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaAgricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaAgricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaPlants have evolved a number of defense and adaptation responses to protect themselves against challenging environmental stresses. Genes containing a heavy metal associated (HMA) domain are required for the spatiotemporal transportation of metal ions that bind with various enzymes and co-factors within the cell. To uncover the underlying mechanisms mediated by <i>StHMA</i> genes, we identified 36 gene members in the StHMA family and divided them into six subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. The <i>StHMA</i>s had high collinearity and were segmentally duplicated. Structurally, most StHMAs had one HMA domain, StHIPPc and StRNA1 subfamilies had two, and 13 StHMAs may be genetically variable. The StHMA gene structures and motifs varied considerably among the various classifications, this suggests the StHMA family is diverse in genetic functions. The promoter analysis showed that the <i>StHMA</i>s had six main cis-acting elements with abiotic stress. An expression pattern analysis revealed that the <i>StHMA</i>s were expressed tissue specifically, and a variety of abiotic stresses may induce the expression of StHMA family genes. The HMA transporter family may be regulated and expressed by a series of complex signal networks under abiotic stress. The results of this study may help to establish a theoretical foundation for further research investigating the functions of HMA genes in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> to elucidate their regulatory role in the mechanism governing the response of plants to abiotic stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1269gene duplicationphylogenetic analysisabiotic stressexpression analysis |
| spellingShingle | Guandi He Lijun Qin Weijun Tian Lulu Meng Tengbing He Degang Zhao Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis Genes gene duplication phylogenetic analysis abiotic stress expression analysis |
| title | Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis |
| title_full | Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis |
| title_short | Heavy Metal Transporters-Associated Proteins in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>: Genome-Wide Identification, Comprehensive Gene Feature, Evolution and Expression Analysis |
| title_sort | heavy metal transporters associated proteins in i solanum tuberosum i genome wide identification comprehensive gene feature evolution and expression analysis |
| topic | gene duplication phylogenetic analysis abiotic stress expression analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1269 |
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