Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect
The current environmental hazard assessment is based on the testing of the pristine substance. However, it cannot be excluded that (nano)pharmaceuticals are excreted into sewage during the use phase followed by entry into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Sorption to sewage sludge or release via...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010617 |
| _version_ | 1819011207395278848 |
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| author | Kerstin Hund-Rinke Cecilia Diaz Anne Jurack Judith Klein Burkhard Knopf Karsten Schlich María Luisa Fernández-Cruz David Hernández-Moreno Nicolas Manier Pascal Pandard Susana I.L. Gomes Bruno Guimarães Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand Mónica J.B. Amorim |
| author_facet | Kerstin Hund-Rinke Cecilia Diaz Anne Jurack Judith Klein Burkhard Knopf Karsten Schlich María Luisa Fernández-Cruz David Hernández-Moreno Nicolas Manier Pascal Pandard Susana I.L. Gomes Bruno Guimarães Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand Mónica J.B. Amorim |
| author_sort | Kerstin Hund-Rinke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current environmental hazard assessment is based on the testing of the pristine substance. However, it cannot be excluded that (nano)pharmaceuticals are excreted into sewage during the use phase followed by entry into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Sorption to sewage sludge or release via effluent can result in modified ecotoxicological effects which possibly can only be detected with a modified test approach. The objective of our study was to investigate a realistic exposure scenario for metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in pharmaceutical products, excreted into effluent, and released into the environment after treatment in WWTPs. The test approach was illustrated by using gold (Au) NPs. Effluent from model WWTPs were investigated in aquatic tests (Daphnia magna, fish cell lines). Sewage sludge was used as a sole food source (Eisenia fetida) or mixed with soil and used as test medium (soil microorganisms, Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus). To cover the aspect of regulation, the test systems described in OECD-test guidelines (OECD TG 201, 211, 220, 232, 249, 317) were applied. Modifications and additional test approaches were included to meet the needs arising out of the testing of nanomaterials and of the exposure scenarios. The results were assessed regarding the suitability of the test design and the toxicity of Au-NPs. Except for activated sludge as a sole food source for E.fetida, the selected test approach is suitable for the testing of nanomaterials. Additional information can be gained when compared to the common testing of the pristine nanomaterials in the standardized test systems. Effects of Au-NPs were observed in concentrations exceeding the modeled environmental. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:24:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d958f1227bab4b7dbdff2b6517d7ebb1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:24:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-d958f1227bab4b7dbdff2b6517d7ebb12022-12-21T19:20:34ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132021-12-01227112949Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effectKerstin Hund-Rinke0Cecilia Diaz1Anne Jurack2Judith Klein3Burkhard Knopf4Karsten Schlich5María Luisa Fernández-Cruz6David Hernández-Moreno7Nicolas Manier8Pascal Pandard9Susana I.L. Gomes10Bruno Guimarães11Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand12Mónica J.B. Amorim13Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany; Corresponding author.Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, GermanyDpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, SpainDpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, SpainFrench National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, FranceFrench National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, FranceDepartamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalDepartamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalDepartment of Biosciences, Aarhus University, 8600 Silkeborg, DenmarkDepartamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalThe current environmental hazard assessment is based on the testing of the pristine substance. However, it cannot be excluded that (nano)pharmaceuticals are excreted into sewage during the use phase followed by entry into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Sorption to sewage sludge or release via effluent can result in modified ecotoxicological effects which possibly can only be detected with a modified test approach. The objective of our study was to investigate a realistic exposure scenario for metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in pharmaceutical products, excreted into effluent, and released into the environment after treatment in WWTPs. The test approach was illustrated by using gold (Au) NPs. Effluent from model WWTPs were investigated in aquatic tests (Daphnia magna, fish cell lines). Sewage sludge was used as a sole food source (Eisenia fetida) or mixed with soil and used as test medium (soil microorganisms, Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus). To cover the aspect of regulation, the test systems described in OECD-test guidelines (OECD TG 201, 211, 220, 232, 249, 317) were applied. Modifications and additional test approaches were included to meet the needs arising out of the testing of nanomaterials and of the exposure scenarios. The results were assessed regarding the suitability of the test design and the toxicity of Au-NPs. Except for activated sludge as a sole food source for E.fetida, the selected test approach is suitable for the testing of nanomaterials. Additional information can be gained when compared to the common testing of the pristine nanomaterials in the standardized test systems. Effects of Au-NPs were observed in concentrations exceeding the modeled environmental.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010617Advanced materialNanopharmaceuticalEnvironmental hazard assessmentEnvironmental riskAu nanoparticleRealistic exposure scenario |
| spellingShingle | Kerstin Hund-Rinke Cecilia Diaz Anne Jurack Judith Klein Burkhard Knopf Karsten Schlich María Luisa Fernández-Cruz David Hernández-Moreno Nicolas Manier Pascal Pandard Susana I.L. Gomes Bruno Guimarães Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand Mónica J.B. Amorim Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Advanced material Nanopharmaceutical Environmental hazard assessment Environmental risk Au nanoparticle Realistic exposure scenario |
| title | Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| title_full | Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| title_fullStr | Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| title_short | Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| title_sort | nanopharmaceuticals au nps after use experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect |
| topic | Advanced material Nanopharmaceutical Environmental hazard assessment Environmental risk Au nanoparticle Realistic exposure scenario |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010617 |
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