Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>
Effectors play an important role in host–pathogen interactions. Though an economically significant disease in rice, knowledge regarding the infection strategy of <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> is obscure. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of the effectors in <i>R....
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/4/920 |
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| author | N. Kavya M. K. Prasannakumar Gopal Venkateshbabu Vidya Niranjan Akshay Uttarkar P. Buela Parivallal Sahana N. Banakar H. B. Mahesh Pramesh Devanna K. G. Manasa Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara |
| author_facet | N. Kavya M. K. Prasannakumar Gopal Venkateshbabu Vidya Niranjan Akshay Uttarkar P. Buela Parivallal Sahana N. Banakar H. B. Mahesh Pramesh Devanna K. G. Manasa Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara |
| author_sort | N. Kavya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Effectors play an important role in host–pathogen interactions. Though an economically significant disease in rice, knowledge regarding the infection strategy of <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> is obscure. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of the effectors in <i>R. solani</i> based on the characteristics of previously reported effector proteins. A total of seven novel effectors (designated as RS107_1 to RS107_7) in the disease mechanism of <i>R. solani</i> were identified and were predicted to be non-classically secreted proteins with functionally conserved domains. The function, reactivity, and stability of these proteins were evaluated through physiochemical characterization. The target proteins involved in the regulation of rice defense mechanisms were identified. Furthermore, the effector genes were cloned and RS107_6 (metacaspase) was heterologously expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> to obtain a purified protein of ~36.5 kDa. The MALD-TOF characterization confirmed that the protein belonged to a metacaspase of the Peptidase_C14 protein family, 906 bp in size, and encoded a polypeptide of 301 amino acids. These findings suggest that the identified effectors can potentially serve as a virulence factor and can be targeted for the management of sheath blight in rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:44:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d959a05c3a9c40328386d513a1cf1a6d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:44:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-d959a05c3a9c40328386d513a1cf1a6d2023-11-17T20:32:26ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-04-0111492010.3390/microorganisms11040920Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>N. Kavya0M. K. Prasannakumar1Gopal Venkateshbabu2Vidya Niranjan3Akshay Uttarkar4P. Buela Parivallal5Sahana N. Banakar6H. B. Mahesh7Pramesh Devanna8K. G. Manasa9Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara10PathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaRice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur 584104, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaPathoGenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, IndiaEffectors play an important role in host–pathogen interactions. Though an economically significant disease in rice, knowledge regarding the infection strategy of <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> is obscure. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of the effectors in <i>R. solani</i> based on the characteristics of previously reported effector proteins. A total of seven novel effectors (designated as RS107_1 to RS107_7) in the disease mechanism of <i>R. solani</i> were identified and were predicted to be non-classically secreted proteins with functionally conserved domains. The function, reactivity, and stability of these proteins were evaluated through physiochemical characterization. The target proteins involved in the regulation of rice defense mechanisms were identified. Furthermore, the effector genes were cloned and RS107_6 (metacaspase) was heterologously expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> to obtain a purified protein of ~36.5 kDa. The MALD-TOF characterization confirmed that the protein belonged to a metacaspase of the Peptidase_C14 protein family, 906 bp in size, and encoded a polypeptide of 301 amino acids. These findings suggest that the identified effectors can potentially serve as a virulence factor and can be targeted for the management of sheath blight in rice.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/4/920<i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>necrotrophscell death effectorsmetacaspasehost–pathogen interaction |
| spellingShingle | N. Kavya M. K. Prasannakumar Gopal Venkateshbabu Vidya Niranjan Akshay Uttarkar P. Buela Parivallal Sahana N. Banakar H. B. Mahesh Pramesh Devanna K. G. Manasa Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> Microorganisms <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> necrotrophs cell death effectors metacaspase host–pathogen interaction |
| title | Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> |
| title_full | Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> |
| title_fullStr | Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> |
| title_short | Insights on Novel Effectors and Characterization of Metacaspase (RS107_6) as a Potential Cell Death-Inducing Protein in <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> |
| title_sort | insights on novel effectors and characterization of metacaspase rs107 6 as a potential cell death inducing protein in i rhizoctonia solani i |
| topic | <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> necrotrophs cell death effectors metacaspase host–pathogen interaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/4/920 |
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