Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping
BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BF–BT) ceramics exhibit great potential for diverse applications in high temperature piezoelectric transducers, temperature-stable dielectrics and pulsed-power capacitors. Further optimization of functional properties for different types o...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2872 |
| _version_ | 1797410252091555840 |
|---|---|
| author | Ziqi Yang Bing Wang Yizhe Li David A. Hall |
| author_facet | Ziqi Yang Bing Wang Yizhe Li David A. Hall |
| author_sort | Ziqi Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BF–BT) ceramics exhibit great potential for diverse applications in high temperature piezoelectric transducers, temperature-stable dielectrics and pulsed-power capacitors. Further optimization of functional properties for different types of applications can be achieved by modification of processing parameters or chemical composition. In the present work, the influence of pentavalent niobium substitution for trivalent ferric ions on the structure, microstructure and dielectric properties of 0.7BF–0.3BT ceramics was investigated systematically. Doping with niobium led to incremental reductions in grain size (from 7.0 to 1.3 µm) and suppression of long-range ferroelectric ordering. It was found that core-shell type microstructural features became more prominent as the Nb concentration increased, which were correlated with the formation of distinct peaks in the dielectric permittivity–temperature relationship, at ~470 and 600 °C, which were attributed to the BT-rich shell and BF-rich core regions, respectively. Nb-doping of BF–BT ceramics yielded reduced electronic conductivity and dielectric loss, improved electrical breakdown strength and enhanced dielectric energy storage characteristics. These effects are attributed to the charge compensation of pentavalent Nb donor defects by bismuth vacancies, which suppresses the formation of oxygen vacancies and the associated electron hole conduction mechanism. The relatively high recoverable energy density (W<sub>rec</sub> = 2.01 J cm<sup>−3</sup>) and energy storage efficiency (η = 68%) of the 0.7BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–0.3BaTiO<sub>3</sub> binary system were achieved at 75 °C under an electric field of 15 kV mm<sup>−1</sup>. This material demonstrates the greatest potential for applications in energy storage capacitors and temperature-stable dielectrics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d98b21b6c1d84479bebf15939be84576 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d98b21b6c1d84479bebf15939be845762023-12-03T13:39:27ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-04-01158287210.3390/ma15082872Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-DopingZiqi Yang0Bing Wang1Yizhe Li2David A. Hall3Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKBiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BF–BT) ceramics exhibit great potential for diverse applications in high temperature piezoelectric transducers, temperature-stable dielectrics and pulsed-power capacitors. Further optimization of functional properties for different types of applications can be achieved by modification of processing parameters or chemical composition. In the present work, the influence of pentavalent niobium substitution for trivalent ferric ions on the structure, microstructure and dielectric properties of 0.7BF–0.3BT ceramics was investigated systematically. Doping with niobium led to incremental reductions in grain size (from 7.0 to 1.3 µm) and suppression of long-range ferroelectric ordering. It was found that core-shell type microstructural features became more prominent as the Nb concentration increased, which were correlated with the formation of distinct peaks in the dielectric permittivity–temperature relationship, at ~470 and 600 °C, which were attributed to the BT-rich shell and BF-rich core regions, respectively. Nb-doping of BF–BT ceramics yielded reduced electronic conductivity and dielectric loss, improved electrical breakdown strength and enhanced dielectric energy storage characteristics. These effects are attributed to the charge compensation of pentavalent Nb donor defects by bismuth vacancies, which suppresses the formation of oxygen vacancies and the associated electron hole conduction mechanism. The relatively high recoverable energy density (W<sub>rec</sub> = 2.01 J cm<sup>−3</sup>) and energy storage efficiency (η = 68%) of the 0.7BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–0.3BaTiO<sub>3</sub> binary system were achieved at 75 °C under an electric field of 15 kV mm<sup>−1</sup>. This material demonstrates the greatest potential for applications in energy storage capacitors and temperature-stable dielectrics.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2872bismuth ferrite–barium titanateniobium dopingnon-linear dielectricslead-free piezoelectricferroelectricrelaxor ferroelectric |
| spellingShingle | Ziqi Yang Bing Wang Yizhe Li David A. Hall Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping Materials bismuth ferrite–barium titanate niobium doping non-linear dielectrics lead-free piezoelectric ferroelectric relaxor ferroelectric |
| title | Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping |
| title_full | Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping |
| title_fullStr | Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping |
| title_short | Enhancement of Nonlinear Dielectric Properties in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Nb-Doping |
| title_sort | enhancement of nonlinear dielectric properties in bifeo sub 3 sub batio sub 3 sub ceramics by nb doping |
| topic | bismuth ferrite–barium titanate niobium doping non-linear dielectrics lead-free piezoelectric ferroelectric relaxor ferroelectric |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2872 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ziqiyang enhancementofnonlineardielectricpropertiesinbifeosub3subbatiosub3subceramicsbynbdoping AT bingwang enhancementofnonlineardielectricpropertiesinbifeosub3subbatiosub3subceramicsbynbdoping AT yizheli enhancementofnonlineardielectricpropertiesinbifeosub3subbatiosub3subceramicsbynbdoping AT davidahall enhancementofnonlineardielectricpropertiesinbifeosub3subbatiosub3subceramicsbynbdoping |