MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is comprised of dozens of cell types with varied functions, structures, and histological locations that respond in a myriad of ways to epigenetic and genetic factors, environmental cues, diet, and microbiota. The homeostatic functioning of these cells conta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/4/2166 |
| _version_ | 1797479340207767552 |
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| author | Brian G. Jorgensen Seungil Ro |
| author_facet | Brian G. Jorgensen Seungil Ro |
| author_sort | Brian G. Jorgensen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is comprised of dozens of cell types with varied functions, structures, and histological locations that respond in a myriad of ways to epigenetic and genetic factors, environmental cues, diet, and microbiota. The homeostatic functioning of these cells contained within this complex organ system has been shown to be highly regulated by the effect of microRNAs (miRNA). Multiple efforts have uncovered that these miRNAs are often tightly influential in either the suppression or overexpression of inflammatory, apoptotic, and differentiation-related genes and proteins in a variety of cell types in colorectal cancer (CRC). The early detection of CRC and other GI cancers can be difficult, attributable to the invasive nature of prophylactic colonoscopies. Additionally, the levels of miRNAs associated with CRC in biofluids can be contradictory and, therefore, must be considered in the context of other inhibiting competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) such as lncRNAs and circRNAs. There is now a high demand for disease treatments and noninvasive screenings such as testing for bloodborne or fecal miRNAs and their inhibitors/targets. The breadth of this review encompasses current literature on well-established CRC-related miRNAs and the possibilities for their use as biomarkers in the diagnoses of this potentially fatal GI cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:44:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d993557f5d3a4027ba4f26a448420027 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:44:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d993557f5d3a4027ba4f26a4484200272023-11-23T20:21:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-02-01234216610.3390/ijms23042166MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic TargetsBrian G. Jorgensen0Seungil Ro1Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USADepartment of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USAThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is comprised of dozens of cell types with varied functions, structures, and histological locations that respond in a myriad of ways to epigenetic and genetic factors, environmental cues, diet, and microbiota. The homeostatic functioning of these cells contained within this complex organ system has been shown to be highly regulated by the effect of microRNAs (miRNA). Multiple efforts have uncovered that these miRNAs are often tightly influential in either the suppression or overexpression of inflammatory, apoptotic, and differentiation-related genes and proteins in a variety of cell types in colorectal cancer (CRC). The early detection of CRC and other GI cancers can be difficult, attributable to the invasive nature of prophylactic colonoscopies. Additionally, the levels of miRNAs associated with CRC in biofluids can be contradictory and, therefore, must be considered in the context of other inhibiting competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) such as lncRNAs and circRNAs. There is now a high demand for disease treatments and noninvasive screenings such as testing for bloodborne or fecal miRNAs and their inhibitors/targets. The breadth of this review encompasses current literature on well-established CRC-related miRNAs and the possibilities for their use as biomarkers in the diagnoses of this potentially fatal GI cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/4/2166colorectal cancermiRNAceRNAlncRNAcircRNAsponging |
| spellingShingle | Brian G. Jorgensen Seungil Ro MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets International Journal of Molecular Sciences colorectal cancer miRNA ceRNA lncRNA circRNA sponging |
| title | MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets |
| title_full | MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets |
| title_fullStr | MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets |
| title_short | MicroRNAs and ‘Sponging’ Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets |
| title_sort | micrornas and sponging competitive endogenous rnas dysregulated in colorectal cancer potential as noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets |
| topic | colorectal cancer miRNA ceRNA lncRNA circRNA sponging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/4/2166 |
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