Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study
Yasabe Leykun,1 Chalachew Genet,1 Wondemagegn Mulu1,2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumCorrespondence: Wond...
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Dove Medical Press
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/group-b-streptococci-vaginal-recto-colonization-vertical-transmission--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
| _version_ | 1818352570553335808 |
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| author | Leykun Y Genet C Mulu W |
| author_facet | Leykun Y Genet C Mulu W |
| author_sort | Leykun Y |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Yasabe Leykun,1 Chalachew Genet,1 Wondemagegn Mulu1,2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumCorrespondence: Wondemagegn Mulu Tel +251918706921Email wondem_32@yahoo.comBackground: Group B streptococci (GBS) is an important pathogen involved in stillbirths, neonatal deaths and neurological defects, and the occurrence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) is an alarming issue. This study determined the prevalence of GBS colonization in pregnant women and newborns, the proportion of vertical transmission, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates, and the factors associated with colonization and vertical transmission.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, at selected health facilities of Bahir Dar city. Vaginal-recto swabs from 292 pregnant women and pooled ear, nasal and umbilical swabs from 292 newborns were collected. GBS were identified following standard microbiological protocols. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted by the accepted 2020 CLSI M100 guidelines. Logistic regression analysis was computed.Results: Overall, 54 (18.5%) of pregnant women and 22 (7.5%) of newborns had GBS colonization. The proportion of GBS vertical transmission was 22 (40.7%). Group B Streptococcus isolates scored susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin with 88.9%, 90.7%, and 96.3% for pregnant women and 86.4%, 90.9% and 95.9% for newborns, respectively. A high percentage of non-susceptibility was found for clindamycin and erythromycin with 33.3% and 25.9% for pregnant women and 31.8% and 22.7% from newborns, respectively. Besides, 19 (35.2%) GBS from pregnant women and 8 (36.4%) from newborns were MDR. Group B streptococci colonization was significantly associated with delivery before 37th week of gestation (AOR=2.77, 95% CI 1.14– 6.68) and history of stillbirth (AOR=3.13, 95% CI 1.13– 8.70).Conclusion: Pregnant women vaginal-recto GBS colonization and transmission to newborns connected with MDR are a matter of concerns. Although non-susceptible GBS isolates are obtained, penicillin and vancomycin are relatively effective. The use of clindamycin, erythromycin and ceftriaxone should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Genetic analysis is recommended to exactly identify the epidemiology of GBS strains, vertical transmission and antimicrobial resistance at the country level.Keywords: group B streptococci, vaginal-recto colonization, vertical transmission, pregnant women, newborns, MDR, Ethiopia |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:55:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9a4d36d42004c56847565090b7e518d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:55:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9a4d36d42004c56847565090b7e518d2022-12-21T23:34:48ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732021-12-01Volume 145457547271568Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional StudyLeykun YGenet CMulu WYasabe Leykun,1 Chalachew Genet,1 Wondemagegn Mulu1,2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumCorrespondence: Wondemagegn Mulu Tel +251918706921Email wondem_32@yahoo.comBackground: Group B streptococci (GBS) is an important pathogen involved in stillbirths, neonatal deaths and neurological defects, and the occurrence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) is an alarming issue. This study determined the prevalence of GBS colonization in pregnant women and newborns, the proportion of vertical transmission, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates, and the factors associated with colonization and vertical transmission.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, at selected health facilities of Bahir Dar city. Vaginal-recto swabs from 292 pregnant women and pooled ear, nasal and umbilical swabs from 292 newborns were collected. GBS were identified following standard microbiological protocols. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted by the accepted 2020 CLSI M100 guidelines. Logistic regression analysis was computed.Results: Overall, 54 (18.5%) of pregnant women and 22 (7.5%) of newborns had GBS colonization. The proportion of GBS vertical transmission was 22 (40.7%). Group B Streptococcus isolates scored susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin with 88.9%, 90.7%, and 96.3% for pregnant women and 86.4%, 90.9% and 95.9% for newborns, respectively. A high percentage of non-susceptibility was found for clindamycin and erythromycin with 33.3% and 25.9% for pregnant women and 31.8% and 22.7% from newborns, respectively. Besides, 19 (35.2%) GBS from pregnant women and 8 (36.4%) from newborns were MDR. Group B streptococci colonization was significantly associated with delivery before 37th week of gestation (AOR=2.77, 95% CI 1.14– 6.68) and history of stillbirth (AOR=3.13, 95% CI 1.13– 8.70).Conclusion: Pregnant women vaginal-recto GBS colonization and transmission to newborns connected with MDR are a matter of concerns. Although non-susceptible GBS isolates are obtained, penicillin and vancomycin are relatively effective. The use of clindamycin, erythromycin and ceftriaxone should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Genetic analysis is recommended to exactly identify the epidemiology of GBS strains, vertical transmission and antimicrobial resistance at the country level.Keywords: group B streptococci, vaginal-recto colonization, vertical transmission, pregnant women, newborns, MDR, Ethiopiahttps://www.dovepress.com/group-b-streptococci-vaginal-recto-colonization-vertical-transmission--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDRgroup b streptococcivaginal-recto colonizationvertical transmissionpregnant womennewbornsmdrethiopia |
| spellingShingle | Leykun Y Genet C Mulu W Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study Infection and Drug Resistance group b streptococci vaginal-recto colonization vertical transmission pregnant women newborns mdr ethiopia |
| title | Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Group B Streptococci Vaginal-Recto Colonization, Vertical Transmission to Newborns, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors in Selected Health Facilities of Bahir Dar City: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | group b streptococci vaginal recto colonization vertical transmission to newborns antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors in selected health facilities of bahir dar city a cross sectional study |
| topic | group b streptococci vaginal-recto colonization vertical transmission pregnant women newborns mdr ethiopia |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/group-b-streptococci-vaginal-recto-colonization-vertical-transmission--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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