Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient
Background: Epididymitis is a common cause of scrotal pain in adults, with coliform bacteria being the most common isolated organisms in patients older than 35. Case presentation: A 51-year-old healthy patient presented with scrotal pain and swelling, and was found to have epididymo-orchitis and bac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SMC MEDIA SRL
2023-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/4205 |
| _version_ | 1797361035152195584 |
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| author | Abdelhadi Farouji Ahmad W. Haddad Nibras Yar Khan Arwa Battah Amaar S. Ahmad Jihad Slim |
| author_facet | Abdelhadi Farouji Ahmad W. Haddad Nibras Yar Khan Arwa Battah Amaar S. Ahmad Jihad Slim |
| author_sort | Abdelhadi Farouji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Epididymitis is a common cause of scrotal pain in adults, with coliform bacteria being the most common isolated organisms in patients older than 35.
Case presentation: A 51-year-old healthy patient presented with scrotal pain and swelling, and was found to have epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia caused by Haemophilus influenzae, which has not previously been reported as a cause of epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in immunocompetent patients.
Discussion: Diagnostic studies can help confirm the diagnosis and detect the causative pathogen. In all suspected cases, a urinalysis, urine culture and a urine or urethral swab for nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis should be performed. Colour Doppler ultrasonography often shows an enlarged thickened epididymis with increased Doppler wave pulsation in epididymitis. H. influenzae are pleomorphic gram-negative rods that commonly colonise the human respiratory tract and are associated with a number of clinical conditions. H. influenzae has been reported as a cause of epididymo-orchitis in prepubertal boys, and in few cases were associated with positive blood cultures. In adults, H. influenzae has been isolated before from urine samples or urethral swabs in patients with epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis.
Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of H. influenzae causing epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in immunocompetent patients. Healthcare providers should consider H. influenzae in the differential diagnosis of epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:48:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9ae59a3c2dd4c83997fd14763575824 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2284-2594 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:48:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | SMC MEDIA SRL |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9ae59a3c2dd4c83997fd147635758242024-01-09T09:32:11ZengSMC MEDIA SRLEuropean Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine2284-25942023-12-0110.12890/2023_0042053740Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patientAbdelhadi Farouji0Ahmad W. Haddad1Nibras Yar Khan2Arwa Battah3Amaar S. Ahmad4Jihad Slim5Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USADepartment of Infectious Diseases, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, USABackground: Epididymitis is a common cause of scrotal pain in adults, with coliform bacteria being the most common isolated organisms in patients older than 35. Case presentation: A 51-year-old healthy patient presented with scrotal pain and swelling, and was found to have epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia caused by Haemophilus influenzae, which has not previously been reported as a cause of epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in immunocompetent patients. Discussion: Diagnostic studies can help confirm the diagnosis and detect the causative pathogen. In all suspected cases, a urinalysis, urine culture and a urine or urethral swab for nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis should be performed. Colour Doppler ultrasonography often shows an enlarged thickened epididymis with increased Doppler wave pulsation in epididymitis. H. influenzae are pleomorphic gram-negative rods that commonly colonise the human respiratory tract and are associated with a number of clinical conditions. H. influenzae has been reported as a cause of epididymo-orchitis in prepubertal boys, and in few cases were associated with positive blood cultures. In adults, H. influenzae has been isolated before from urine samples or urethral swabs in patients with epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis. Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of H. influenzae causing epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in immunocompetent patients. Healthcare providers should consider H. influenzae in the differential diagnosis of epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/4205haemophilus influenzaeepididymo-orchitisimmunocompetent |
| spellingShingle | Abdelhadi Farouji Ahmad W. Haddad Nibras Yar Khan Arwa Battah Amaar S. Ahmad Jihad Slim Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis immunocompetent |
| title | Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| title_full | Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| title_fullStr | Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| title_full_unstemmed | Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| title_short | Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| title_sort | haemophilus influenzae epididymo orchitis and bacteraemia in an immunocompetent patient |
| topic | haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis immunocompetent |
| url | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/4205 |
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