The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction
Meltpool dimensions play a pivotal role in defining the defects and microstructure state of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) builds. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate variations in meltpool geometries under different process conditions. In this work, we fabricated single tracks of LPBF Hastelloy...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Additive Manufacturing Letters |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000124 |
| _version_ | 1827323195574714368 |
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| author | Jian Tang Rafal Wróbel Pooriya Scheel Willy Gaechter Christian Leinenbach Ehsan Hosseini |
| author_facet | Jian Tang Rafal Wróbel Pooriya Scheel Willy Gaechter Christian Leinenbach Ehsan Hosseini |
| author_sort | Jian Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Meltpool dimensions play a pivotal role in defining the defects and microstructure state of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) builds. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate variations in meltpool geometries under different process conditions. In this work, we fabricated single tracks of LPBF Hastelloy X (HX) alloy under 36 printing conditions and examined the corresponding cross-section meltpool dimensions at two locations across the build platform. This investigation demonstrates the impacts of laser power, scan speed, powder layer thickness, and printing locations on resultant meltpool dimensions. As expected, we observed that meltpool dimensions increase as laser power increases or scan speed decreases. It was also concluded that thicker powder layers lead to wider and shallower meltpools due to reduced laser energy penetration into the solid beneath the powder layer. Additionally, the meltpool dimensions show variations dependent on deposition locations due to the different levels of interaction of the laser and its induced vapor plume, resulting in shallower and wider meltpools. These findings provide a systematic understanding of meltpool dimension variations across various process conditions for LPBF HX alloy, which ultimately offer insights into the formation of defects and microstructure features. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:40:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9b3f672444e470daf5b14b146c42fff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-3690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:40:29Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Additive Manufacturing Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9b3f672444e470daf5b14b146c42fff2024-03-08T05:19:57ZengElsevierAdditive Manufacturing Letters2772-36902024-04-019100203The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interactionJian Tang0Rafal Wróbel1Pooriya Scheel2Willy Gaechter3Christian Leinenbach4Ehsan Hosseini5Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandEmpa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandEmpa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandEmpa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Laboratory for Photonic Materials and Characterization, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandEmpa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Meltpool dimensions play a pivotal role in defining the defects and microstructure state of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) builds. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate variations in meltpool geometries under different process conditions. In this work, we fabricated single tracks of LPBF Hastelloy X (HX) alloy under 36 printing conditions and examined the corresponding cross-section meltpool dimensions at two locations across the build platform. This investigation demonstrates the impacts of laser power, scan speed, powder layer thickness, and printing locations on resultant meltpool dimensions. As expected, we observed that meltpool dimensions increase as laser power increases or scan speed decreases. It was also concluded that thicker powder layers lead to wider and shallower meltpools due to reduced laser energy penetration into the solid beneath the powder layer. Additionally, the meltpool dimensions show variations dependent on deposition locations due to the different levels of interaction of the laser and its induced vapor plume, resulting in shallower and wider meltpools. These findings provide a systematic understanding of meltpool dimension variations across various process conditions for LPBF HX alloy, which ultimately offer insights into the formation of defects and microstructure features.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000124Laser powder bed fusionProcess parameterMeltpool dimensionsLaser-plume interactionPowder layer thickness |
| spellingShingle | Jian Tang Rafal Wróbel Pooriya Scheel Willy Gaechter Christian Leinenbach Ehsan Hosseini The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction Additive Manufacturing Letters Laser powder bed fusion Process parameter Meltpool dimensions Laser-plume interaction Powder layer thickness |
| title | The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction |
| title_full | The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction |
| title_fullStr | The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction |
| title_short | The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction |
| title_sort | role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in lpbf hastelloy x insights into laser plume interaction |
| topic | Laser powder bed fusion Process parameter Meltpool dimensions Laser-plume interaction Powder layer thickness |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000124 |
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