Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age, and 70% of all cases of bronchiolitis are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Early RSV infection is associated with respiratory problems such as asthma and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2002-06-01
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| Series: | Respiratory Research |
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| Online Access: | http://respiratory-research.com/content/3/S1/S15 |
| _version_ | 1818068215145693184 |
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| author | Openshaw Peter JM |
| author_facet | Openshaw Peter JM |
| author_sort | Openshaw Peter JM |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age, and 70% of all cases of bronchiolitis are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Early RSV infection is associated with respiratory problems such as asthma and wheezing later in life. RSV infection is usually spread by contaminated secretions and infects the upper then lower respiratory tracts. Infected cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-8. These activate other cells and recruit inflammatory cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes, into the airway wall and surrounding tissues. The pattern of cytokine production by T lymphocytes can be biased toward 'T-helper-1' or 'T-helper-2' cytokines, depending on the local immunologic environment, infection history, and host genetics. T-helper-1 responses are generally efficient in antiviral defense, but young infants have an inherent bias toward T-helper-2 responses. The ideal intervention for RSV infection would be preventive, but the options are currently limited. Vaccines based on protein subunits, live attenuated strains of RSV, DNA vaccines, and synthetic peptides are being developed; passive antibody therapy is at present impractical in otherwise healthy children. Effective vaccines for use in neonates continue to be elusive but simply delaying infection beyond the first 6 months of life might reduce the delayed morbidity associated with infantile disease.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:36:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9b4dbc435014502bca46ee1c35661f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1465-9921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:36:02Z |
| publishDate | 2002-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Respiratory Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9b4dbc435014502bca46ee1c35661f12022-12-22T01:43:14ZengBMCRespiratory Research1465-99212002-06-013Suppl 1S15S2010.1186/rr184Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus diseaseOpenshaw Peter JM<p>Abstract</p> <p>Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age, and 70% of all cases of bronchiolitis are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Early RSV infection is associated with respiratory problems such as asthma and wheezing later in life. RSV infection is usually spread by contaminated secretions and infects the upper then lower respiratory tracts. Infected cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-8. These activate other cells and recruit inflammatory cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes, into the airway wall and surrounding tissues. The pattern of cytokine production by T lymphocytes can be biased toward 'T-helper-1' or 'T-helper-2' cytokines, depending on the local immunologic environment, infection history, and host genetics. T-helper-1 responses are generally efficient in antiviral defense, but young infants have an inherent bias toward T-helper-2 responses. The ideal intervention for RSV infection would be preventive, but the options are currently limited. Vaccines based on protein subunits, live attenuated strains of RSV, DNA vaccines, and synthetic peptides are being developed; passive antibody therapy is at present impractical in otherwise healthy children. Effective vaccines for use in neonates continue to be elusive but simply delaying infection beyond the first 6 months of life might reduce the delayed morbidity associated with infantile disease.</p>http://respiratory-research.com/content/3/S1/S15antiviral agentsasthmabronchiolitisrespiratory syncytial virus |
| spellingShingle | Openshaw Peter JM Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease Respiratory Research antiviral agents asthma bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial virus |
| title | Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| title_full | Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| title_fullStr | Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| title_short | Potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| title_sort | potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease |
| topic | antiviral agents asthma bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial virus |
| url | http://respiratory-research.com/content/3/S1/S15 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT openshawpeterjm potentialtherapeuticimplicationsofnewinsightsintorespiratorysyncytialvirusdisease |