The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation
We demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> (HL) extract on solar simulator-irradiated primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) by analyzing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of IL-6 and IL-8. The anti-inflammatory effect of topicall...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/350 |
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| author | Zita Hurth Marie-Luise Faber Fabian Gendrisch Martin Holzer Birgit Haarhaus Anja Cawelius Kay Schwabe Christoph Mathis Schempp Ute Wölfle |
| author_facet | Zita Hurth Marie-Luise Faber Fabian Gendrisch Martin Holzer Birgit Haarhaus Anja Cawelius Kay Schwabe Christoph Mathis Schempp Ute Wölfle |
| author_sort | Zita Hurth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> (HL) extract on solar simulator-irradiated primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) by analyzing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of IL-6 and IL-8. The anti-inflammatory effect of topically applied HL was further tested in vivo on human skin. To this end, we developed an oil-in-water (O/W) and a water-in-oil (W/O) cream with a lipid content of 40%. The anti-inflammatory effect of 1% HL extract incorporated in these two vehicles was assessed in a randomized, prospective, placebo controlled, double-blind UVB erythema study with 40 healthy volunteers. Hydrocortisone acetate (HCA) in the corresponding vehicle served as positive control. Surprisingly, both HL and HCA were only effective in the O/W system but not in the W/O formulation. Release studies using vertical diffusion cells (Franz cells) revealed that HCA was released in much higher amounts from the O/W cream compared to the W/O formulation. In summary, we have shown that 1% HL extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects comparable to 1% HCA, but only when incorporated in our O/W cream. Our findings confirm the critical role of the vehicle in topical anti-inflammatory systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:01:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d9ff24d9f2b04485b729e1351f31868b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:01:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-d9ff24d9f2b04485b729e1351f31868b2023-11-30T21:54:52ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472022-03-0115335010.3390/ph15030350The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical FormulationZita Hurth0Marie-Luise Faber1Fabian Gendrisch2Martin Holzer3Birgit Haarhaus4Anja Cawelius5Kay Schwabe6Christoph Mathis Schempp7Ute Wölfle8Research Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyResearch Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyResearch Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyResearch Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyFlavex Naturextrakte GmbH, 66780 Rehlingen, GermanyBSI-Beauty Science Intelligence GmbH, 30855 Langenhagen, GermanyResearch Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyResearch Center Skinitial, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyWe demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> (HL) extract on solar simulator-irradiated primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) by analyzing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of IL-6 and IL-8. The anti-inflammatory effect of topically applied HL was further tested in vivo on human skin. To this end, we developed an oil-in-water (O/W) and a water-in-oil (W/O) cream with a lipid content of 40%. The anti-inflammatory effect of 1% HL extract incorporated in these two vehicles was assessed in a randomized, prospective, placebo controlled, double-blind UVB erythema study with 40 healthy volunteers. Hydrocortisone acetate (HCA) in the corresponding vehicle served as positive control. Surprisingly, both HL and HCA were only effective in the O/W system but not in the W/O formulation. Release studies using vertical diffusion cells (Franz cells) revealed that HCA was released in much higher amounts from the O/W cream compared to the W/O formulation. In summary, we have shown that 1% HL extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects comparable to 1% HCA, but only when incorporated in our O/W cream. Our findings confirm the critical role of the vehicle in topical anti-inflammatory systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/350<i>Humulus lupulus</i>Franz diffusion cellsUVB erythema test |
| spellingShingle | Zita Hurth Marie-Luise Faber Fabian Gendrisch Martin Holzer Birgit Haarhaus Anja Cawelius Kay Schwabe Christoph Mathis Schempp Ute Wölfle The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation Pharmaceuticals <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Franz diffusion cells UVB erythema test |
| title | The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation |
| title_full | The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation |
| title_fullStr | The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation |
| title_short | The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Extract In Vivo Depends on the Galenic System of the Topical Formulation |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory effect of i humulus lupulus i extract in vivo depends on the galenic system of the topical formulation |
| topic | <i>Humulus lupulus</i> Franz diffusion cells UVB erythema test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/350 |
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