Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China
Pollutants emission, meteorological conditions, secondary formation, and pollutants transport are the main reasons for air pollution. A comprehensive air pollution analysis was conducted from the above four aspects in the autumn–winter seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 at Xingtai, China. In additio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/569 |
| _version_ | 1797536009771024384 |
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| author | Han Wang Shulan Wang Jingqiao Zhang Hui Li |
| author_facet | Han Wang Shulan Wang Jingqiao Zhang Hui Li |
| author_sort | Han Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pollutants emission, meteorological conditions, secondary formation, and pollutants transport are the main reasons for air pollution. A comprehensive air pollution analysis was conducted from the above four aspects in the autumn–winter seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 at Xingtai, China. In addition, the relationship between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> was also studied from the aspects of secondary formation and meteorological conditions to find the rules of cooperative management of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> combined pollution. Taking measures of concentrated and clean heating and controlling biomass burning could make the concentrations of EC, K<sup>+</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> decrease. The variation trends of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> concentration in the autumn–winter season of Xingtai were different, and with the increase in secondary formation effects, the concentration of O<sub>3</sub> decreased. Furthermore, the key meteorological conditions that affected O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> formation were temperature and relative humidity, respectively. The relationships of NOR (nitrate oxidation rate) and SOR (sulfate oxidation rate) against temperature presented a “U” shape, suggesting that gas-phase oxidation and gas–solid-phase oxidation were all suppressed at a temperature of around 4 °C. The cities located in the east had more pollutant transporting effects during the pollution processes of Xingtai, and the main transport routes of O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> were not all the same. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:52:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da09305aa353482f98cda72bc22d5dd1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:52:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-da09305aa353482f98cda72bc22d5dd12023-11-21T17:34:53ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-04-0112556910.3390/atmos12050569Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, ChinaHan Wang0Shulan Wang1Jingqiao Zhang2Hui Li3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaPollutants emission, meteorological conditions, secondary formation, and pollutants transport are the main reasons for air pollution. A comprehensive air pollution analysis was conducted from the above four aspects in the autumn–winter seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 at Xingtai, China. In addition, the relationship between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> was also studied from the aspects of secondary formation and meteorological conditions to find the rules of cooperative management of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> combined pollution. Taking measures of concentrated and clean heating and controlling biomass burning could make the concentrations of EC, K<sup>+</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> decrease. The variation trends of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> concentration in the autumn–winter season of Xingtai were different, and with the increase in secondary formation effects, the concentration of O<sub>3</sub> decreased. Furthermore, the key meteorological conditions that affected O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> formation were temperature and relative humidity, respectively. The relationships of NOR (nitrate oxidation rate) and SOR (sulfate oxidation rate) against temperature presented a “U” shape, suggesting that gas-phase oxidation and gas–solid-phase oxidation were all suppressed at a temperature of around 4 °C. The cities located in the east had more pollutant transporting effects during the pollution processes of Xingtai, and the main transport routes of O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> were not all the same.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/569PM<sub>2.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>heavy metalsecondary formationmeteorological condition |
| spellingShingle | Han Wang Shulan Wang Jingqiao Zhang Hui Li Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China Atmosphere PM<sub>2.5</sub> O<sub>3</sub> heavy metal secondary formation meteorological condition |
| title | Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China |
| title_full | Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China |
| title_short | Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution with Comparative Analysis of O<sub>3</sub> in Autumn–Winter Seasons of Xingtai, China |
| title_sort | characteristics of pm sub 2 5 sub pollution with comparative analysis of o sub 3 sub in autumn winter seasons of xingtai china |
| topic | PM<sub>2.5</sub> O<sub>3</sub> heavy metal secondary formation meteorological condition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/569 |
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