Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind
Ketamine was introduced into clinical practice in the 1960s and continues to be both clinically useful and scientifically fascinating. With considerably diverse molecular targets and neurophysiological properties, ketamine’s effects on the central nervous system remain incompletely understood. Inves...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612/full |
| _version_ | 1819099660031098880 |
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| author | Linda Li Phillip E. Vlisides |
| author_facet | Linda Li Phillip E. Vlisides |
| author_sort | Linda Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ketamine was introduced into clinical practice in the 1960s and continues to be both clinically useful and scientifically fascinating. With considerably diverse molecular targets and neurophysiological properties, ketamine’s effects on the central nervous system remain incompletely understood. Investigators have leveraged the unique characteristics of ketamine to explore the invariant, fundamental mechanisms of anesthetic action. Emerging evidence indicates that ketamine-mediated anesthesia may occur via disruption of corticocortical information transfer in a frontal-to-parietal (top down) distribution. This proposed mechanism of general anesthesia has since been demonstrated with anesthetics in other pharmacological classes as well. Ketamine remains invaluable to the fields of anesthesiology and critical care medicine, in large part due to its ability to maintain cardiorespiratory stability while providing effective sedation and analgesia. Furthermore, there may be an emerging role for ketamine in treatment of refractory depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this article, we review the history of ketamine, its pharmacology, putative mechanisms of action, and current clinical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:50:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da0e687badfe43deba6122785ae545a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:50:24Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-da0e687badfe43deba6122785ae545a02022-12-21T18:44:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612016-11-011010.3389/fnhum.2016.00612226940Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the MindLinda Li0Phillip E. Vlisides1St. Joseph Mercy Ann ArborUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolKetamine was introduced into clinical practice in the 1960s and continues to be both clinically useful and scientifically fascinating. With considerably diverse molecular targets and neurophysiological properties, ketamine’s effects on the central nervous system remain incompletely understood. Investigators have leveraged the unique characteristics of ketamine to explore the invariant, fundamental mechanisms of anesthetic action. Emerging evidence indicates that ketamine-mediated anesthesia may occur via disruption of corticocortical information transfer in a frontal-to-parietal (top down) distribution. This proposed mechanism of general anesthesia has since been demonstrated with anesthetics in other pharmacological classes as well. Ketamine remains invaluable to the fields of anesthesiology and critical care medicine, in large part due to its ability to maintain cardiorespiratory stability while providing effective sedation and analgesia. Furthermore, there may be an emerging role for ketamine in treatment of refractory depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this article, we review the history of ketamine, its pharmacology, putative mechanisms of action, and current clinical applications.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612/fullAnesthesiaConsciousnessDepressionKetamineNeuropharmacologyfunctional connectivity |
| spellingShingle | Linda Li Phillip E. Vlisides Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Anesthesia Consciousness Depression Ketamine Neuropharmacology functional connectivity |
| title | Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind |
| title_full | Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind |
| title_fullStr | Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind |
| title_short | Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind |
| title_sort | ketamine 50 years of modulating the mind |
| topic | Anesthesia Consciousness Depression Ketamine Neuropharmacology functional connectivity |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lindali ketamine50yearsofmodulatingthemind AT phillipevlisides ketamine50yearsofmodulatingthemind |