Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development
Oceans possess tremendous diversity in microbial life. The enzymatic machinery that marine bacteria present is the result of extensive evolution to assist cell survival under the harsh and continuously changing conditions found in the marine environment. Several bacterial cells and enzymes are alrea...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/1965 |
| _version_ | 1827648777843900416 |
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| author | Carlos J. C. Rodrigues Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho |
| author_facet | Carlos J. C. Rodrigues Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho |
| author_sort | Carlos J. C. Rodrigues |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oceans possess tremendous diversity in microbial life. The enzymatic machinery that marine bacteria present is the result of extensive evolution to assist cell survival under the harsh and continuously changing conditions found in the marine environment. Several bacterial cells and enzymes are already used at an industrial scale, but novel biocatalysts are still needed for sustainable industrial applications, with benefits for both public health and the environment. Metagenomic techniques have enabled the discovery of novel biocatalysts, biosynthetic pathways, and microbial identification without their cultivation. However, a key stage for application of novel biocatalysts is the need for rapid evaluation of the feasibility of the bioprocess. Cultivation of not-yet-cultured bacteria is challenging and requires new methodologies to enable growth of the bacteria present in collected environmental samples, but, once a bacterium is isolated, its enzyme activities are easily measured. High-throughput screening techniques have also been used successfully, and innovative in vitro screening platforms to rapidly identify relevant enzymatic activities continue to improve. Small-scale approaches and process integration could improve the study and development of new bioprocesses to produce commercially interesting products. In this work, the latest studies related to (i) the growth of marine bacteria under laboratorial conditions, (ii) screening techniques for bioprospecting, and (iii) bioprocess development using microreactors and miniaturized systems are reviewed and discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:45:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da169e35ef424fa4acad16a72692015a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:45:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-da169e35ef424fa4acad16a72692015a2023-11-24T01:26:12ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-10-011010196510.3390/microorganisms10101965Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process DevelopmentCarlos J. C. Rodrigues0Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho1Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalOceans possess tremendous diversity in microbial life. The enzymatic machinery that marine bacteria present is the result of extensive evolution to assist cell survival under the harsh and continuously changing conditions found in the marine environment. Several bacterial cells and enzymes are already used at an industrial scale, but novel biocatalysts are still needed for sustainable industrial applications, with benefits for both public health and the environment. Metagenomic techniques have enabled the discovery of novel biocatalysts, biosynthetic pathways, and microbial identification without their cultivation. However, a key stage for application of novel biocatalysts is the need for rapid evaluation of the feasibility of the bioprocess. Cultivation of not-yet-cultured bacteria is challenging and requires new methodologies to enable growth of the bacteria present in collected environmental samples, but, once a bacterium is isolated, its enzyme activities are easily measured. High-throughput screening techniques have also been used successfully, and innovative in vitro screening platforms to rapidly identify relevant enzymatic activities continue to improve. Small-scale approaches and process integration could improve the study and development of new bioprocesses to produce commercially interesting products. In this work, the latest studies related to (i) the growth of marine bacteria under laboratorial conditions, (ii) screening techniques for bioprospecting, and (iii) bioprocess development using microreactors and miniaturized systems are reviewed and discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/1965cultivationmetagenomicsbiocatalystbioprocessmarine biotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Carlos J. C. Rodrigues Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development Microorganisms cultivation metagenomics biocatalyst bioprocess marine biotechnology |
| title | Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development |
| title_full | Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development |
| title_fullStr | Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development |
| title_short | Marine Bioprospecting, Biocatalysis and Process Development |
| title_sort | marine bioprospecting biocatalysis and process development |
| topic | cultivation metagenomics biocatalyst bioprocess marine biotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/1965 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carlosjcrodrigues marinebioprospectingbiocatalysisandprocessdevelopment AT carlaccrdecarvalho marinebioprospectingbiocatalysisandprocessdevelopment |