Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5
Members of the serine incorporator (SERINC) protein family exert broad antiviral activity, and many viruses encode SERINC antagonists to circumvent these restrictions. Significant new insight was recently gained into the mechanisms that mediate restriction and antagonism. In this review, we summariz...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/2/284 |
| _version_ | 1797296834532605952 |
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| author | Samy Sid Ahmed Kathrin Bajak Oliver T. Fackler |
| author_facet | Samy Sid Ahmed Kathrin Bajak Oliver T. Fackler |
| author_sort | Samy Sid Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Members of the serine incorporator (SERINC) protein family exert broad antiviral activity, and many viruses encode SERINC antagonists to circumvent these restrictions. Significant new insight was recently gained into the mechanisms that mediate restriction and antagonism. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the mode of action and relevance of SERINC proteins in HIV-1 infection. Particular focus will be placed on recent findings that provided important new mechanistic insights into the restriction of HIV-1 virion infectivity, including the discovery of SERINC’s lipid scramblase activity and its antagonism by the HIV-1 pathogenesis factor Nef. We also discuss the identification and implications of several additional antiviral activities by which SERINC proteins enhance pro-inflammatory signaling and reduce viral gene expression in myeloid cells. SERINC proteins emerge as versatile and multifunctional regulators of cell-intrinsic immunity against HIV-1 infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:10:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da23df623189491a9b7260661d24b5a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:10:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-da23df623189491a9b7260661d24b5a62024-02-23T15:37:42ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-02-0116228410.3390/v16020284Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5Samy Sid Ahmed0Kathrin Bajak1Oliver T. Fackler2Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 344, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 344, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 344, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyMembers of the serine incorporator (SERINC) protein family exert broad antiviral activity, and many viruses encode SERINC antagonists to circumvent these restrictions. Significant new insight was recently gained into the mechanisms that mediate restriction and antagonism. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the mode of action and relevance of SERINC proteins in HIV-1 infection. Particular focus will be placed on recent findings that provided important new mechanistic insights into the restriction of HIV-1 virion infectivity, including the discovery of SERINC’s lipid scramblase activity and its antagonism by the HIV-1 pathogenesis factor Nef. We also discuss the identification and implications of several additional antiviral activities by which SERINC proteins enhance pro-inflammatory signaling and reduce viral gene expression in myeloid cells. SERINC proteins emerge as versatile and multifunctional regulators of cell-intrinsic immunity against HIV-1 infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/2/284SERINC5HIV-1restriction factorinnate immunitylipid asymmetry |
| spellingShingle | Samy Sid Ahmed Kathrin Bajak Oliver T. Fackler Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 Viruses SERINC5 HIV-1 restriction factor innate immunity lipid asymmetry |
| title | Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 |
| title_full | Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 |
| title_fullStr | Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 |
| title_short | Beyond Impairment of Virion Infectivity: New Activities of the Anti-HIV Host Cell Factor SERINC5 |
| title_sort | beyond impairment of virion infectivity new activities of the anti hiv host cell factor serinc5 |
| topic | SERINC5 HIV-1 restriction factor innate immunity lipid asymmetry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/2/284 |
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