Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments
It remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellula...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/658 |
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| author | Alexandre Joushomme André Garenne Mélody Dufossée Rémy Renom Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok Yann Loick Chappe Anne Canovi Lorenza Patrignoni Annabelle Hurtier Florence Poulletier de Gannes Isabelle Lagroye Philippe Lévêque Noëlle Lewis Muriel Priault Delia Arnaud-Cormos Yann Percherancier |
| author_facet | Alexandre Joushomme André Garenne Mélody Dufossée Rémy Renom Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok Yann Loick Chappe Anne Canovi Lorenza Patrignoni Annabelle Hurtier Florence Poulletier de Gannes Isabelle Lagroye Philippe Lévêque Noëlle Lewis Muriel Priault Delia Arnaud-Cormos Yann Percherancier |
| author_sort | Alexandre Joushomme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellular response during RF exposure alone, or during co-exposure to RF and chemical treatments known to induce either apoptosis or autophagy. Two human cell lines (SH-SY5Y and HCT116) and two cultures of primary rat cortex cells (astrocytes and co-culture of neurons and glial cells) were exposed to RF using an 1800 MHz carrier wave modulated with various environmental signals (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications, 2G signal), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, 3G signal), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, 4G signal, and Wi-Fi) or unmodulated RF (continuous wave, CW). The specific absorption rates (S.A.R.) used were 1.5 and 6 W/kg during DHM experiments and ranged from 5 to 24 W/kg during the recording of cellular impedance. Cells were continuously exposed for three to five consecutive days while the temporal phenotypic signature of cells behavior was recorded at constant temperature. Statistical analysis of the results does not indicate that RF-EMF exposure impacted the global behavior of healthy, apoptotic, or autophagic cells, even at S.A.R. levels higher than the guidelines, provided that the temperature was kept constant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:20:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-da2711fc4d3d4a4fb3c3122ecc2110b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:20:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-da2711fc4d3d4a4fb3c3122ecc2110b72023-11-23T14:02:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-0123265810.3390/ijms23020658Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic TreatmentsAlexandre Joushomme0André Garenne1Mélody Dufossée2Rémy Renom3Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok4Yann Loick Chappe5Anne Canovi6Lorenza Patrignoni7Annabelle Hurtier8Florence Poulletier de Gannes9Isabelle Lagroye10Philippe Lévêque11Noëlle Lewis12Muriel Priault13Delia Arnaud-Cormos14Yann Percherancier15Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC/UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM/UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC/UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, FranceUniv. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM/UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, FranceUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS/UMR 5218, F-33400 Talence, FranceIt remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellular response during RF exposure alone, or during co-exposure to RF and chemical treatments known to induce either apoptosis or autophagy. Two human cell lines (SH-SY5Y and HCT116) and two cultures of primary rat cortex cells (astrocytes and co-culture of neurons and glial cells) were exposed to RF using an 1800 MHz carrier wave modulated with various environmental signals (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications, 2G signal), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, 3G signal), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, 4G signal, and Wi-Fi) or unmodulated RF (continuous wave, CW). The specific absorption rates (S.A.R.) used were 1.5 and 6 W/kg during DHM experiments and ranged from 5 to 24 W/kg during the recording of cellular impedance. Cells were continuously exposed for three to five consecutive days while the temporal phenotypic signature of cells behavior was recorded at constant temperature. Statistical analysis of the results does not indicate that RF-EMF exposure impacted the global behavior of healthy, apoptotic, or autophagic cells, even at S.A.R. levels higher than the guidelines, provided that the temperature was kept constant.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/658label-free techniquesradiofrequency electromagnetic fieldsbioelectromagneticsdigital holographic microscopyimpedancemetryhuman cell lines |
| spellingShingle | Alexandre Joushomme André Garenne Mélody Dufossée Rémy Renom Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok Yann Loick Chappe Anne Canovi Lorenza Patrignoni Annabelle Hurtier Florence Poulletier de Gannes Isabelle Lagroye Philippe Lévêque Noëlle Lewis Muriel Priault Delia Arnaud-Cormos Yann Percherancier Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments International Journal of Molecular Sciences label-free techniques radiofrequency electromagnetic fields bioelectromagnetics digital holographic microscopy impedancemetry human cell lines |
| title | Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments |
| title_full | Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments |
| title_fullStr | Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments |
| title_short | Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments |
| title_sort | label free study of the global cell behavior during exposure to environmental radiofrequency fields in the presence or absence of pro apoptotic or pro autophagic treatments |
| topic | label-free techniques radiofrequency electromagnetic fields bioelectromagnetics digital holographic microscopy impedancemetry human cell lines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/658 |
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