Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians
Introduction South Asians (SA) and Pima Indians have high prevalence of diabetes but differ markedly in body size. We hypothesize that young SA will have higher diabetes incidence than Pima Indians at comparable body mass index (BMI) levels.Research design and methods We used prospective cohort data...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2021-03-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| Online Access: | https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001988.full |
| _version_ | 1826936621174358016 |
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| author | Lisa R Staimez Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan Dorairaj Prabhakaran Roopa Shivashankar Dimple Kondal Nikhil Tandon K M Venkat Narayan Elizabeth Selvin Mohammed K Ali Unjali P Gujral Natalie Daya Deepa Mohan Shivani A Patel Howard H Chang Masood Kadir Sayuko Kobes Robert Hanson |
| author_facet | Lisa R Staimez Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan Dorairaj Prabhakaran Roopa Shivashankar Dimple Kondal Nikhil Tandon K M Venkat Narayan Elizabeth Selvin Mohammed K Ali Unjali P Gujral Natalie Daya Deepa Mohan Shivani A Patel Howard H Chang Masood Kadir Sayuko Kobes Robert Hanson |
| author_sort | Lisa R Staimez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction South Asians (SA) and Pima Indians have high prevalence of diabetes but differ markedly in body size. We hypothesize that young SA will have higher diabetes incidence than Pima Indians at comparable body mass index (BMI) levels.Research design and methods We used prospective cohort data to estimate age-specific, sex, and BMI-specific diabetes incidence in SA aged 20–44 years living in India and Pakistan from the Center for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia Study (n=6676), and compared with Pima Indians, from Pima Indian Study (n=1852).Results At baseline, SA were considerably less obese than Pima Indians (BMI (kg/m2): 24.4 vs 33.8; waist circumference (cm): 82.5 vs 107.0). Age-standardized diabetes incidence (cases/1000 person-years, 95% CI) was lower in SA than in Pima Indians (men: 14.2, 12.2–16.2 vs 37.3, 31.8–42.8; women: 14.8, 13.0–16.5 vs 46.1, 41.2–51.1). Risk of incident diabetes among 20–24-year-old Pima men and women was six times (relative risk (RR), 95% CI: 6.04, 3.30 to 12.0) and seven times (RR, 95% CI: 7.64, 3.73 to 18.2) higher as compared with SA men and women, respectively. In those with BMI <25 kg/m2, however, the risk of diabetes was over five times in SA men than in Pima Indian men. Among those with BMI ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes incidence in SA men was nearly as high as in Pima men. SA and Pima Indians had similar magnitude of association between age, sex, BMI, and insulin secretion with diabetes. The effect of family history was larger in SA, whereas that of insulin resistance was larger in Pima IndiansConclusions In the background of relatively low insulin resistance, higher diabetes incidence in SA is driven by poor insulin secretion in SA men. The findings call for research to improve insulin secretion in early natural history of diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T19:10:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-da291d5dd6224191aa7ca525568cbd2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2052-4897 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-17T18:25:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| spelling | doaj.art-da291d5dd6224191aa7ca525568cbd2e2024-12-12T18:55:10ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care2052-48972021-03-019110.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001988Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima IndiansLisa R Staimez0Ranjit Mohan Anjana1Viswanathan Mohan2Dorairaj Prabhakaran3Roopa Shivashankar4Dimple Kondal5Nikhil Tandon6K M Venkat Narayan7Elizabeth Selvin8Mohammed K Ali9Unjali P Gujral10Natalie Daya11Deepa Mohan12Shivani A Patel13Howard H Chang14Masood Kadir15Sayuko Kobes16Robert Hanson17Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USASchool of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaPublic Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, Delhi, IndiaCentre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurgaon, Haryana, IndiaCentre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, Delhi, IndiaAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IndiaRollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA10 Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USADivision of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USARollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USAJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Teaching and Learning, Baltimore, Maryland, USAMadras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaRollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA1 Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USAAga Khan University, Karachi, PakistanNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USALiverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UKIntroduction South Asians (SA) and Pima Indians have high prevalence of diabetes but differ markedly in body size. We hypothesize that young SA will have higher diabetes incidence than Pima Indians at comparable body mass index (BMI) levels.Research design and methods We used prospective cohort data to estimate age-specific, sex, and BMI-specific diabetes incidence in SA aged 20–44 years living in India and Pakistan from the Center for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia Study (n=6676), and compared with Pima Indians, from Pima Indian Study (n=1852).Results At baseline, SA were considerably less obese than Pima Indians (BMI (kg/m2): 24.4 vs 33.8; waist circumference (cm): 82.5 vs 107.0). Age-standardized diabetes incidence (cases/1000 person-years, 95% CI) was lower in SA than in Pima Indians (men: 14.2, 12.2–16.2 vs 37.3, 31.8–42.8; women: 14.8, 13.0–16.5 vs 46.1, 41.2–51.1). Risk of incident diabetes among 20–24-year-old Pima men and women was six times (relative risk (RR), 95% CI: 6.04, 3.30 to 12.0) and seven times (RR, 95% CI: 7.64, 3.73 to 18.2) higher as compared with SA men and women, respectively. In those with BMI <25 kg/m2, however, the risk of diabetes was over five times in SA men than in Pima Indian men. Among those with BMI ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes incidence in SA men was nearly as high as in Pima men. SA and Pima Indians had similar magnitude of association between age, sex, BMI, and insulin secretion with diabetes. The effect of family history was larger in SA, whereas that of insulin resistance was larger in Pima IndiansConclusions In the background of relatively low insulin resistance, higher diabetes incidence in SA is driven by poor insulin secretion in SA men. The findings call for research to improve insulin secretion in early natural history of diabetes.https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001988.full |
| spellingShingle | Lisa R Staimez Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan Dorairaj Prabhakaran Roopa Shivashankar Dimple Kondal Nikhil Tandon K M Venkat Narayan Elizabeth Selvin Mohammed K Ali Unjali P Gujral Natalie Daya Deepa Mohan Shivani A Patel Howard H Chang Masood Kadir Sayuko Kobes Robert Hanson Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| title | Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians |
| title_full | Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians |
| title_fullStr | Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians |
| title_short | Incidence of diabetes in South Asian young adults compared to Pima Indians |
| title_sort | incidence of diabetes in south asian young adults compared to pima indians |
| url | https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001988.full |
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