The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: To examine the relationship between the presence of earlobe crease (EC) and overactive bladder (OAB). <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The earlobes of the participants were examined macroscopically. ECs were further divided into four groups (gra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/3/476 |
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| author | Yasufumi Ueda Tomohiro Matsuo Ken Kawada Hidenori Ito Kensuke Mitsunari Kojiro Ohba Ryoichi Imamura |
| author_facet | Yasufumi Ueda Tomohiro Matsuo Ken Kawada Hidenori Ito Kensuke Mitsunari Kojiro Ohba Ryoichi Imamura |
| author_sort | Yasufumi Ueda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: To examine the relationship between the presence of earlobe crease (EC) and overactive bladder (OAB). <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The earlobes of the participants were examined macroscopically. ECs were further divided into four groups (grades 0–3) according to severity. Subjective symptoms were assessed using the OAB symptom score (OABSS), and objective findings were assessed using uroflowmetry. The relationship between these findings and the presence or absence and severity of EC was also examined. A score of ≥2 points on OABSS question 3 (urinary urgency), with a total score of ≥3 points, indicated OAB. <i>Results</i>: We analyzed 246 participants, including 120 (48.8%) in the EC group and 126 (51.2%) in the non-EC (N-EC) group. On the OABSS, the EC group scored higher than the N-EC group for all questions and for the total score. The total OABSS of EC grade 3 was the highest of all groups. A total of 115 (95.8%) patients in the EC group (100% in grade 3) and 69 (54.8%) in the N-EC group met the OAB criteria (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The voided volume and maximum flow rate of the EC group were significantly lower than those of the N-EC group (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). The post-void residual urine volume in the EC group was significantly higher than that in the N-EC group (<i>p</i> = 0.029). Multivariate analysis revealed that EC was an independent risk factor for OAB (odds ratio, 8.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.84–24.75; <i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Conclusions</i>: The presence of an earlobe crease may be a predictive marker for OAB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:12:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da295cd5c5204a5994c6ab2c1821b1db |
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| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:12:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-da295cd5c5204a5994c6ab2c1821b1db2023-11-17T12:31:10ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442023-02-0159347610.3390/medicina59030476The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled StudyYasufumi Ueda0Tomohiro Matsuo1Ken Kawada2Hidenori Ito3Kensuke Mitsunari4Kojiro Ohba5Ryoichi Imamura6Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, JapanDepartment of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan<i>Background and Objectives</i>: To examine the relationship between the presence of earlobe crease (EC) and overactive bladder (OAB). <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The earlobes of the participants were examined macroscopically. ECs were further divided into four groups (grades 0–3) according to severity. Subjective symptoms were assessed using the OAB symptom score (OABSS), and objective findings were assessed using uroflowmetry. The relationship between these findings and the presence or absence and severity of EC was also examined. A score of ≥2 points on OABSS question 3 (urinary urgency), with a total score of ≥3 points, indicated OAB. <i>Results</i>: We analyzed 246 participants, including 120 (48.8%) in the EC group and 126 (51.2%) in the non-EC (N-EC) group. On the OABSS, the EC group scored higher than the N-EC group for all questions and for the total score. The total OABSS of EC grade 3 was the highest of all groups. A total of 115 (95.8%) patients in the EC group (100% in grade 3) and 69 (54.8%) in the N-EC group met the OAB criteria (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The voided volume and maximum flow rate of the EC group were significantly lower than those of the N-EC group (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). The post-void residual urine volume in the EC group was significantly higher than that in the N-EC group (<i>p</i> = 0.029). Multivariate analysis revealed that EC was an independent risk factor for OAB (odds ratio, 8.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.84–24.75; <i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Conclusions</i>: The presence of an earlobe crease may be a predictive marker for OAB.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/3/476overactive bladderearlobe creaselower urinary tract symptom |
| spellingShingle | Yasufumi Ueda Tomohiro Matsuo Ken Kawada Hidenori Ito Kensuke Mitsunari Kojiro Ohba Ryoichi Imamura The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study Medicina overactive bladder earlobe crease lower urinary tract symptom |
| title | The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study |
| title_full | The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study |
| title_short | The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study |
| title_sort | relationship between the presence of an earlobe crease and overactive bladder a cross sectional case controlled study |
| topic | overactive bladder earlobe crease lower urinary tract symptom |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/3/476 |
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