Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs
Exposure to air pollutants in wildfire smoke and indoor pollution causes lung diseases. Short-term exposure to wood smoke (WS) is partially known to alter the expression of human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), inflammatory cytokines, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Accordingl...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/9/227 |
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| author | Carlos Ramos Rebeca Cañedo-Mondragón Carina Becerril Georgina González-Ávila Ana Laura Esquivel Ana Lilia Torres-Machorro Martha Montaño |
| author_facet | Carlos Ramos Rebeca Cañedo-Mondragón Carina Becerril Georgina González-Ávila Ana Laura Esquivel Ana Lilia Torres-Machorro Martha Montaño |
| author_sort | Carlos Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exposure to air pollutants in wildfire smoke and indoor pollution causes lung diseases. Short-term exposure to wood smoke (WS) is partially known to alter the expression of human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), inflammatory cytokines, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Accordingly, we investigated the effect of exposing guinea pigs to WS for two and four three-hour periods on different days. The daily content of particles reported by indoor pollution was produced by 60 g of pinewood. We analyzed the cell profile and collagen content in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL). The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and TIMPs was studied in lung tissue. Cytokines and gelatinolytic activity were analyzed in BAL and serum. The results showed that total cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and collagen increased in BAL, whereas neutrophils and lymphocytes decreased. TGF-β1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were upregulated in lungs, downregulating IL-12. TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were increased in BAL and serum, decreasing IL-12. Gelatinase activity was increased in serum. Thus, guinea pigs exposed to short-term domestic doses of WS overexpressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and TIMPs. These results are similar to ECM remodeling and pulmonary and systemic inflammation reported in humans. |
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| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:10:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-da29a8bde8e9458f92f1b73b4ee89bcb2023-11-22T15:30:35ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042021-09-019922710.3390/toxics9090227Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea PigsCarlos Ramos0Rebeca Cañedo-Mondragón1Carina Becerril2Georgina González-Ávila3Ana Laura Esquivel4Ana Lilia Torres-Machorro5Martha Montaño6Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoDepartmento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Unidad Xochimilco (UAM-X), Mexico City 04960, MexicoLaboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Alcaldía Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoExposure to air pollutants in wildfire smoke and indoor pollution causes lung diseases. Short-term exposure to wood smoke (WS) is partially known to alter the expression of human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), inflammatory cytokines, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Accordingly, we investigated the effect of exposing guinea pigs to WS for two and four three-hour periods on different days. The daily content of particles reported by indoor pollution was produced by 60 g of pinewood. We analyzed the cell profile and collagen content in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL). The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and TIMPs was studied in lung tissue. Cytokines and gelatinolytic activity were analyzed in BAL and serum. The results showed that total cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and collagen increased in BAL, whereas neutrophils and lymphocytes decreased. TGF-β1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were upregulated in lungs, downregulating IL-12. TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were increased in BAL and serum, decreasing IL-12. Gelatinase activity was increased in serum. Thus, guinea pigs exposed to short-term domestic doses of WS overexpressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and TIMPs. These results are similar to ECM remodeling and pulmonary and systemic inflammation reported in humans.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/9/227wood smokecytokinesinflammationextracellular matrix remodelingmatrix metalloproteinasetissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Ramos Rebeca Cañedo-Mondragón Carina Becerril Georgina González-Ávila Ana Laura Esquivel Ana Lilia Torres-Machorro Martha Montaño Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs Toxics wood smoke cytokines inflammation extracellular matrix remodeling matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase |
| title | Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs |
| title_full | Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs |
| title_short | Short-Term Exposure to Wood Smoke Increases the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Gelatinases, and TIMPs in Guinea Pigs |
| title_sort | short term exposure to wood smoke increases the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines gelatinases and timps in guinea pigs |
| topic | wood smoke cytokines inflammation extracellular matrix remodeling matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/9/227 |
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