Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia
Abstract Background Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the prevalence of viral STIs in rural communities, which generally have limi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-4931-1 |
| _version_ | 1828842161972445184 |
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| author | Marianela Patzi-Churqui Katty Terrazas-Aranda Jan-Åke Liljeqvist Magnus Lindh Kristina Eriksson |
| author_facet | Marianela Patzi-Churqui Katty Terrazas-Aranda Jan-Åke Liljeqvist Magnus Lindh Kristina Eriksson |
| author_sort | Marianela Patzi-Churqui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the prevalence of viral STIs in rural communities, which generally have limited access to health care. In order to study the prevalence of viral STIs in rural Bolivia, we recruited women from villages and towns in the Department of La Paz in Bolivia. Methods Three hundred ninety-four female participants were assessed for IgG-antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV, anti-HBc), as well as for the presence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in dried blood spots. The prevalence of 12 high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) was assessed by qPCR in dried cervicovaginal cell spots from 376 of these women. χ2 test was used to compare variables between the populations and binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with the positivity of the tests. Results The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 53% and of HBV 10.3%. HBAg was detected in 15.8% of women with anti-HBV antibodies indicating chronic infection. The frequency of high-risk HPV infection was 27%, with the most prevalent high-risk HPV types being HPV 56, 39 and 31 followed by HPV 16 and 18. Finally, none of the 394 women were seropositive for HIV, and about 64% of the studied population was positive for at least one of the viral infections. Conclusions Women in Bolivian rural communities in La Paz show a high prevalence of HBV, HPV and, in particular, HSV-2. In contrast, none of the women were HIV positive, suggesting that the HIV prevalence in this population is low. The pattern of high-risk HPV types differed from many other countries with a predominance of HPV-types not included in the Gardasil vaccine which was officially introduced in Bolivia in April 2017. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:18:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da2a78951e3e4450b5969784b83a67ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:18:32Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-da2a78951e3e4450b5969784b83a67ae2022-12-22T00:13:19ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342020-03-0120111110.1186/s12879-020-4931-1Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, BoliviaMarianela Patzi-Churqui0Katty Terrazas-Aranda1Jan-Åke Liljeqvist2Magnus Lindh3Kristina Eriksson4Department of Rheumatology & Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg UniversityUnidad de Virología, Inmunidad e Infección, Insituto SELADIS, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San AndrésDepartment of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg UniversityDepartment of Rheumatology & Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg UniversityAbstract Background Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the prevalence of viral STIs in rural communities, which generally have limited access to health care. In order to study the prevalence of viral STIs in rural Bolivia, we recruited women from villages and towns in the Department of La Paz in Bolivia. Methods Three hundred ninety-four female participants were assessed for IgG-antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV, anti-HBc), as well as for the presence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in dried blood spots. The prevalence of 12 high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) was assessed by qPCR in dried cervicovaginal cell spots from 376 of these women. χ2 test was used to compare variables between the populations and binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with the positivity of the tests. Results The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 53% and of HBV 10.3%. HBAg was detected in 15.8% of women with anti-HBV antibodies indicating chronic infection. The frequency of high-risk HPV infection was 27%, with the most prevalent high-risk HPV types being HPV 56, 39 and 31 followed by HPV 16 and 18. Finally, none of the 394 women were seropositive for HIV, and about 64% of the studied population was positive for at least one of the viral infections. Conclusions Women in Bolivian rural communities in La Paz show a high prevalence of HBV, HPV and, in particular, HSV-2. In contrast, none of the women were HIV positive, suggesting that the HIV prevalence in this population is low. The pattern of high-risk HPV types differed from many other countries with a predominance of HPV-types not included in the Gardasil vaccine which was officially introduced in Bolivia in April 2017.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-4931-1PrevalenceSexually transmitted infectionsWomenLa PazBoliviaRural communities |
| spellingShingle | Marianela Patzi-Churqui Katty Terrazas-Aranda Jan-Åke Liljeqvist Magnus Lindh Kristina Eriksson Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia BMC Infectious Diseases Prevalence Sexually transmitted infections Women La Paz Bolivia Rural communities |
| title | Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia |
| title_full | Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia |
| title_short | Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia |
| title_sort | prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and hpv high risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the department of la paz bolivia |
| topic | Prevalence Sexually transmitted infections Women La Paz Bolivia Rural communities |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-4931-1 |
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