Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i>
Cetacean neurobrucellosis is a common cause of strandings in Costa Rica diagnosed by serology, bacteriology, and histopathology. Pathological studies were performed on 18 dolphins. Twelve were scanned by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) as a complementary tool for describing neurobrucellosis an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Oceans |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/3/2/14 |
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| author | Andrés Granados-Zapata María José Robles-Malagamba Rocío González-Barrientos Brian Chin-Wing Kot Elías Barquero-Calvo Minor Cordero-Chavaría Marcela Suárez-Esquivel Caterina Guzmán-Verri Jose David Palacios-Alfaro Connie Tien-Sung Edgardo Moreno Gabriela Hernández-Mora |
| author_facet | Andrés Granados-Zapata María José Robles-Malagamba Rocío González-Barrientos Brian Chin-Wing Kot Elías Barquero-Calvo Minor Cordero-Chavaría Marcela Suárez-Esquivel Caterina Guzmán-Verri Jose David Palacios-Alfaro Connie Tien-Sung Edgardo Moreno Gabriela Hernández-Mora |
| author_sort | Andrés Granados-Zapata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cetacean neurobrucellosis is a common cause of strandings in Costa Rica diagnosed by serology, bacteriology, and histopathology. Pathological studies were performed on 18 dolphins. Twelve were scanned by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) as a complementary tool for describing neurobrucellosis and osteoarticular alterations associated with <i>Brucella ceti</i> infections. The central nervous system (CNS) and the skeleton of five dolphins not infected with <i>B ceti</i> did not reveal alterations by PMCT scanning. Seven <i>Brucella</i>-infected dolphins showed at least bilateral ventriculomegaly associated with hydrocephalus and accumulation in CSF in the lateral ventricles. We performed semiquantitative grading of the inflammatory process in the different areas of the CNS and evaluated the thickness of the cellular infiltrate in the meninges and the perivascular cuffs. The results for the severity grading were graphed to provide an injury profile associated with each area of the CNS. Age is not a decisive factor regarding neurobrucellosis presentation. The severity of ventriculomegaly by PMCT does not directly correlate with the severity of the inflammatory index determined by histopathological parameters of the brain cortex and other CNS regions, suggesting that these processes, although linked, are multifactorial and need further characterization and validation to establish better cutoffs on the PMCT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:49:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da3d0dac89c845818d13008bf4cc5960 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-1924 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:49:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oceans |
| spelling | doaj.art-da3d0dac89c845818d13008bf4cc59602023-11-23T18:23:25ZengMDPI AGOceans2673-19242022-05-013218920310.3390/oceans3020014Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i>Andrés Granados-Zapata0María José Robles-Malagamba1Rocío González-Barrientos2Brian Chin-Wing Kot3Elías Barquero-Calvo4Minor Cordero-Chavaría5Marcela Suárez-Esquivel6Caterina Guzmán-Verri7Jose David Palacios-Alfaro8Connie Tien-Sung9Edgardo Moreno10Gabriela Hernández-Mora11Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong KongSection of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USADepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong KongPrograma de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaServicio Nacional de Salud Animal (SENASA), Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaPrograma de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaPrograma de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaSan Pablo de Heredia, Santiago, Heredia 40503, Costa RicaVeterinaria Vicovet, San José 11502, Costa RicaPrograma de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaServicio Nacional de Salud Animal (SENASA), Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaCetacean neurobrucellosis is a common cause of strandings in Costa Rica diagnosed by serology, bacteriology, and histopathology. Pathological studies were performed on 18 dolphins. Twelve were scanned by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) as a complementary tool for describing neurobrucellosis and osteoarticular alterations associated with <i>Brucella ceti</i> infections. The central nervous system (CNS) and the skeleton of five dolphins not infected with <i>B ceti</i> did not reveal alterations by PMCT scanning. Seven <i>Brucella</i>-infected dolphins showed at least bilateral ventriculomegaly associated with hydrocephalus and accumulation in CSF in the lateral ventricles. We performed semiquantitative grading of the inflammatory process in the different areas of the CNS and evaluated the thickness of the cellular infiltrate in the meninges and the perivascular cuffs. The results for the severity grading were graphed to provide an injury profile associated with each area of the CNS. Age is not a decisive factor regarding neurobrucellosis presentation. The severity of ventriculomegaly by PMCT does not directly correlate with the severity of the inflammatory index determined by histopathological parameters of the brain cortex and other CNS regions, suggesting that these processes, although linked, are multifactorial and need further characterization and validation to establish better cutoffs on the PMCT.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/3/2/14neurobrucellosisventriculomegalyosteoarthritisCosta Ricadolphins<i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| spellingShingle | Andrés Granados-Zapata María José Robles-Malagamba Rocío González-Barrientos Brian Chin-Wing Kot Elías Barquero-Calvo Minor Cordero-Chavaría Marcela Suárez-Esquivel Caterina Guzmán-Verri Jose David Palacios-Alfaro Connie Tien-Sung Edgardo Moreno Gabriela Hernández-Mora Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> Oceans neurobrucellosis ventriculomegaly osteoarthritis Costa Rica dolphins <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title | Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title_full | Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title_fullStr | Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title_short | Pathological Studies and Postmortem Computed Tomography of Dolphins with Meningoencephalomyelitis and Osteoarthritis Caused by <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| title_sort | pathological studies and postmortem computed tomography of dolphins with meningoencephalomyelitis and osteoarthritis caused by i brucella ceti i |
| topic | neurobrucellosis ventriculomegaly osteoarthritis Costa Rica dolphins <i>Brucella ceti</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/3/2/14 |
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