Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
<b>Background:</b> Children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are more prone to having celiac disease (CD) than the normal population. Moreover, patients with this dual diagnosis who are also on a diabetic and gluten-free diet (GFD) risk faltering growth and uncontrolled blo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/8/1247 |
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| author | Salma Burayzat Nour Elsahoryi Ali Freitekh Osama Alzoubi Rahaf Al-Najjar Reema Tayyem |
| author_facet | Salma Burayzat Nour Elsahoryi Ali Freitekh Osama Alzoubi Rahaf Al-Najjar Reema Tayyem |
| author_sort | Salma Burayzat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are more prone to having celiac disease (CD) than the normal population. Moreover, patients with this dual diagnosis who are also on a diabetic and gluten-free diet (GFD) risk faltering growth and uncontrolled blood glucose levels. This review aims to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of managing patients with T1DM screened for CD with GFD to prevent complications associated with these chronic pathologies in childhood and adulthood. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: We abided by the PRISMA guidelines in this meta-analysis and used multiple databases and search engines. We included case–control studies. The primary outcomes were changes in the standard deviation score, body mass index (SDS BMI), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HA1C) after being on a GFD for at least twelve months. <b>Results:</b> The pooled data from the six studies included showed that there was neither a statistically significant difference in the mean SDS BMI (−0.28 (95% CI −0.75, 0.42)) (<i>p</i> = 0.24) nor in the mean of HA1C (mean −0.07 (95% CI −0.44, 0.30)) (<i>p</i> = 0.36) for the same group. HDL cholesterol improved significantly in patients on a strict GFD (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> In children with T1DM and asymptomatic CD, being on a GFD had no significant effect on BMI or HA1C. However, it can have a protective effect on the other complications found in both chronic pathologies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-da3ebf78178c493e9693f2e6ea1be116 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-da3ebf78178c493e9693f2e6ea1be1162023-12-03T13:28:49ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672022-08-0198124710.3390/children9081247Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic ReviewSalma Burayzat0Nour Elsahoryi1Ali Freitekh2Osama Alzoubi3Rahaf Al-Najjar4Reema Tayyem5Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatrics Department, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, JordanFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Nutrition Department, University of Petra, Amman 961343, JordanFaculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, JordanFaculty of Medicine, Jordan University, Amman 11942, JordanFaculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, JordanDepartment of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar<b>Background:</b> Children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are more prone to having celiac disease (CD) than the normal population. Moreover, patients with this dual diagnosis who are also on a diabetic and gluten-free diet (GFD) risk faltering growth and uncontrolled blood glucose levels. This review aims to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of managing patients with T1DM screened for CD with GFD to prevent complications associated with these chronic pathologies in childhood and adulthood. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: We abided by the PRISMA guidelines in this meta-analysis and used multiple databases and search engines. We included case–control studies. The primary outcomes were changes in the standard deviation score, body mass index (SDS BMI), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HA1C) after being on a GFD for at least twelve months. <b>Results:</b> The pooled data from the six studies included showed that there was neither a statistically significant difference in the mean SDS BMI (−0.28 (95% CI −0.75, 0.42)) (<i>p</i> = 0.24) nor in the mean of HA1C (mean −0.07 (95% CI −0.44, 0.30)) (<i>p</i> = 0.36) for the same group. HDL cholesterol improved significantly in patients on a strict GFD (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> In children with T1DM and asymptomatic CD, being on a GFD had no significant effect on BMI or HA1C. However, it can have a protective effect on the other complications found in both chronic pathologies.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/8/1247type 1 diabetes mellitusceliac diseasegluten-free dietbody mass indexHA1C |
| spellingShingle | Salma Burayzat Nour Elsahoryi Ali Freitekh Osama Alzoubi Rahaf Al-Najjar Reema Tayyem Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Children type 1 diabetes mellitus celiac disease gluten-free diet body mass index HA1C |
| title | Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_full | Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_short | Does a Gluten-Free Diet Affect BMI and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_sort | does a gluten free diet affect bmi and glycosylated hemoglobin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and asymptomatic celiac disease a meta analysis and systematic review |
| topic | type 1 diabetes mellitus celiac disease gluten-free diet body mass index HA1C |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/8/1247 |
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