Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway
Background and Purpose Fall accidents are a social challenge in Korea and elsewhere. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of reduced visual acuity due to myopia on falls and body balance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether uncorrected hyperopia was a major risk facto...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2019-12-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/8329.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827610644490223616 |
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| author | Byeong-Yeon Moon Jae Hyeok Choi Dong-Sik Yu Sang-Yeob Kim |
| author_facet | Byeong-Yeon Moon Jae Hyeok Choi Dong-Sik Yu Sang-Yeob Kim |
| author_sort | Byeong-Yeon Moon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Purpose Fall accidents are a social challenge in Korea and elsewhere. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of reduced visual acuity due to myopia on falls and body balance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether uncorrected hyperopia was a major risk factor for falls and to establish whether the risk of falls was absolutely correlated with visual acuity. Methods Fifty-one young subjects with a mean age of 22.75 ± 2.13 years were enrolled in this study. To induce hyperopic and myopic refractive errors, spherical lenses of ±1.0–6.0 D (1.0 D stepwise) were used. Under each induced condition, fall risk index and sway power were assessed via Fourier transformation of postural sway using a TETRAX system. Results The fall risk index for eyes-closed was significantly greater than that of eyes-open with full correction (t = −5.876, p < 0.05). The fall risk index increased significantly from hyperopia induced with −4.0 D lenses (with visual acuity of 0.69 ± 0.32) compared to eyes-open with full correction (F = 3.213, p < 0.05). However, there was no significant change in the induced myopia conditions, despite a drastic decline in decimal visual acuity. Sway power increased significantly in the low-to-medium frequency band derived from the peripheral vestibular system when hyperopia was induced. A significant difference was detected in hyperopia induced with −6.0 D lenses compared to eyes-open with full correction (F = 4.981, p = 0.017). Conclusion An uncorrected hyperopia rather than myopia may increase the risk of falls, although eyes may show normal visual acuity due to the inherent accommodation mechanism. Our findings suggest that the corrected state of refractive errors is more important than the level of visual acuity as the criteria for appropriate visual input, which contributes to stable posture. Therefore, clinicians should consider the refractive condition, especially the characteristics of hyperopia, when analyzing body balance, and appropriate correction of uncorrected hyperopia to prevent falls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:53:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da46f11726e74c98845a4dc0ff8cac37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:53:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-da46f11726e74c98845a4dc0ff8cac372023-12-03T01:26:49ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-12-017e832910.7717/peerj.8329Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural swayByeong-Yeon MoonJae Hyeok ChoiDong-Sik YuSang-Yeob KimBackground and Purpose Fall accidents are a social challenge in Korea and elsewhere. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of reduced visual acuity due to myopia on falls and body balance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether uncorrected hyperopia was a major risk factor for falls and to establish whether the risk of falls was absolutely correlated with visual acuity. Methods Fifty-one young subjects with a mean age of 22.75 ± 2.13 years were enrolled in this study. To induce hyperopic and myopic refractive errors, spherical lenses of ±1.0–6.0 D (1.0 D stepwise) were used. Under each induced condition, fall risk index and sway power were assessed via Fourier transformation of postural sway using a TETRAX system. Results The fall risk index for eyes-closed was significantly greater than that of eyes-open with full correction (t = −5.876, p < 0.05). The fall risk index increased significantly from hyperopia induced with −4.0 D lenses (with visual acuity of 0.69 ± 0.32) compared to eyes-open with full correction (F = 3.213, p < 0.05). However, there was no significant change in the induced myopia conditions, despite a drastic decline in decimal visual acuity. Sway power increased significantly in the low-to-medium frequency band derived from the peripheral vestibular system when hyperopia was induced. A significant difference was detected in hyperopia induced with −6.0 D lenses compared to eyes-open with full correction (F = 4.981, p = 0.017). Conclusion An uncorrected hyperopia rather than myopia may increase the risk of falls, although eyes may show normal visual acuity due to the inherent accommodation mechanism. Our findings suggest that the corrected state of refractive errors is more important than the level of visual acuity as the criteria for appropriate visual input, which contributes to stable posture. Therefore, clinicians should consider the refractive condition, especially the characteristics of hyperopia, when analyzing body balance, and appropriate correction of uncorrected hyperopia to prevent falls.https://peerj.com/articles/8329.pdfHyperopiaFall risk indexSway powerFourier spectrum of postural sway |
| spellingShingle | Byeong-Yeon Moon Jae Hyeok Choi Dong-Sik Yu Sang-Yeob Kim Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway PeerJ Hyperopia Fall risk index Sway power Fourier spectrum of postural sway |
| title | Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway |
| title_full | Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway |
| title_fullStr | Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway |
| title_short | Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway |
| title_sort | effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and fourier transformation of postural sway |
| topic | Hyperopia Fall risk index Sway power Fourier spectrum of postural sway |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/8329.pdf |
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