The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom
Indonesia is one of the largest spice-producing regions such as the Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum). The cardamom can be converted into derivative products in the form of cardamom essential oil. In this work, we attempted to extract the essential oil from the cardamom by comparing two methods of ex...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mulawarman University
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/257 |
| _version_ | 1797637486355152896 |
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| author | Raissa Raissa Windi Cahya Amalia Meri Ayurini Khabib Khumaini Paramita Jaya Ratri |
| author_facet | Raissa Raissa Windi Cahya Amalia Meri Ayurini Khabib Khumaini Paramita Jaya Ratri |
| author_sort | Raissa Raissa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Indonesia is one of the largest spice-producing regions such as the Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum). The cardamom can be converted into derivative products in the form of cardamom essential oil. In this work, we attempted to extract the essential oil from the cardamom by comparing two methods of extraction which are the steam distillation and the simple distillation. The optimization factors considered on the extraction yield were solvent (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) and extraction time (3-6 h). The extraction yield obtained by both methods in ethyl acetate solvents was almost equal to that obtained in n-hexane. Also, the result obtained revealed that the extraction yield increased with time. The optimum essential oil yield was obtained by the simple distillation method in 6 hours duration time using n-hexane solvent giving the yield of 6.3 %. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the chemical composition of the extracted oil. The results showed that the chemical composition of the essential oils is different in each extraction time. The main compounds in all oil samples were eucalyptol and camphene among four other constituents. The concentration of eucalyptol reached an optimum (90.89 - 93.74 %) at 4 – 5 h of distillation times, while the concentration of camphene reached an optimum (52.98 %) at 6 h. The purity of the essential oil was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). Moreover, this research will help to utilize the cardamom due to its main compounds that act as herbal medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:49:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da4dfdb9309f4954b32ffcf8930812a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2087-7099 2407-6090 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:49:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Mulawarman University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-da4dfdb9309f4954b32ffcf8930812a72023-11-04T06:01:01ZengMulawarman UniversityJournal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry2087-70992407-60902020-12-015210.25026/jtpc.v5i2.257The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java CardamomRaissa Raissa0Windi Cahya Amalia1Meri Ayurini2Khabib Khumaini3Paramita Jaya Ratri4Universitas PertaminaUniversitas PertaminaUniversitas PertaminaUniversitas PertaminaUniversitas PertaminaIndonesia is one of the largest spice-producing regions such as the Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum). The cardamom can be converted into derivative products in the form of cardamom essential oil. In this work, we attempted to extract the essential oil from the cardamom by comparing two methods of extraction which are the steam distillation and the simple distillation. The optimization factors considered on the extraction yield were solvent (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) and extraction time (3-6 h). The extraction yield obtained by both methods in ethyl acetate solvents was almost equal to that obtained in n-hexane. Also, the result obtained revealed that the extraction yield increased with time. The optimum essential oil yield was obtained by the simple distillation method in 6 hours duration time using n-hexane solvent giving the yield of 6.3 %. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the chemical composition of the extracted oil. The results showed that the chemical composition of the essential oils is different in each extraction time. The main compounds in all oil samples were eucalyptol and camphene among four other constituents. The concentration of eucalyptol reached an optimum (90.89 - 93.74 %) at 4 – 5 h of distillation times, while the concentration of camphene reached an optimum (52.98 %) at 6 h. The purity of the essential oil was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). Moreover, this research will help to utilize the cardamom due to its main compounds that act as herbal medicine. https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/257Cardamom, Amomum compactum, Essential Oil, Extraction, Steam Distillation, Simple Distillation |
| spellingShingle | Raissa Raissa Windi Cahya Amalia Meri Ayurini Khabib Khumaini Paramita Jaya Ratri The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Cardamom, Amomum compactum, Essential Oil, Extraction, Steam Distillation, Simple Distillation |
| title | The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom |
| title_full | The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom |
| title_fullStr | The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom |
| title_short | The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom |
| title_sort | optimization of essential oil extraction from java cardamom |
| topic | Cardamom, Amomum compactum, Essential Oil, Extraction, Steam Distillation, Simple Distillation |
| url | https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/257 |
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