Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating

In this study, electroless plating of nickel, copper, and silver is applied to stainless steel 316 (SUS316) plate heat exchanger (PHE) to enhance thermal-hydraulic efficiency. The electroless plating experiment was first performed on small samples (30 × 30 × 1 mm) to determine optimum control parame...

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Main Authors: Dong Ho Nguyen, Koung Moon Kim, Thi To Nguyen Vo, Gyu Hyeon Shim, Ji Hoon Kim, Ho Seon Ahn
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-02-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X20305396
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author Dong Ho Nguyen
Koung Moon Kim
Thi To Nguyen Vo
Gyu Hyeon Shim
Ji Hoon Kim
Ho Seon Ahn
author_facet Dong Ho Nguyen
Koung Moon Kim
Thi To Nguyen Vo
Gyu Hyeon Shim
Ji Hoon Kim
Ho Seon Ahn
author_sort Dong Ho Nguyen
collection DOAJ
description In this study, electroless plating of nickel, copper, and silver is applied to stainless steel 316 (SUS316) plate heat exchanger (PHE) to enhance thermal-hydraulic efficiency. The electroless plating experiment was first performed on small samples (30 × 30 × 1 mm) to determine optimum control parameters, i.e. solution concentration, current density, etching time prior to commercial PHE. The characteristics of the coating surfaces were indicated by static contact angle, thermal shock, roughness profile, Vickers hardness, SEM images, and EDS analysis. In order to research the effect of each electroless coating on PHE performance, a single-phase water flow heat transfer experiment was performed. The thermal-hydraulic efficiency was evaluated using the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (OHTC), Friction Factor, Number of Transfer Units (NTU), effectiveness and Performance of Evaluation Criterion (PEC). As a consequence, aqua regia solution with a volumetric ratio of 1HNO3: 2HCl: 75H2O, a current density of 0.1 A/cm2 and a 12-min etching were determined to be the optimum process parameters for optimizing surface area and minimizing mass loss. After electroless coating, the surface was completely changed from smooth to rough, resulting in a change from hydrophobicity to hydrophobicity, as well as a change in surface morphology. More significantly, all coated PHEs displayed a substantial increase in their performance, as shown by PEC ranging from 1.21 to 1.30 in the case of Silver-coated PHE, followed by 1.20–1.24 and 1.11–1.15 in the case of Copper and Nickel respectively.
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spelling doaj.art-da532046650442e0a8d8fdeef2dc4dd52022-12-21T23:19:22ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2021-02-0123100797Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver platingDong Ho Nguyen0Koung Moon Kim1Thi To Nguyen Vo2Gyu Hyeon Shim3Ji Hoon Kim4Ho Seon Ahn5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Nuclear Safety Research Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Nuclear Safety Research Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Nuclear Safety Research Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Nuclear Safety Research Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; AHN Materials Inc, Incheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.In this study, electroless plating of nickel, copper, and silver is applied to stainless steel 316 (SUS316) plate heat exchanger (PHE) to enhance thermal-hydraulic efficiency. The electroless plating experiment was first performed on small samples (30 × 30 × 1 mm) to determine optimum control parameters, i.e. solution concentration, current density, etching time prior to commercial PHE. The characteristics of the coating surfaces were indicated by static contact angle, thermal shock, roughness profile, Vickers hardness, SEM images, and EDS analysis. In order to research the effect of each electroless coating on PHE performance, a single-phase water flow heat transfer experiment was performed. The thermal-hydraulic efficiency was evaluated using the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (OHTC), Friction Factor, Number of Transfer Units (NTU), effectiveness and Performance of Evaluation Criterion (PEC). As a consequence, aqua regia solution with a volumetric ratio of 1HNO3: 2HCl: 75H2O, a current density of 0.1 A/cm2 and a 12-min etching were determined to be the optimum process parameters for optimizing surface area and minimizing mass loss. After electroless coating, the surface was completely changed from smooth to rough, resulting in a change from hydrophobicity to hydrophobicity, as well as a change in surface morphology. More significantly, all coated PHEs displayed a substantial increase in their performance, as shown by PEC ranging from 1.21 to 1.30 in the case of Silver-coated PHE, followed by 1.20–1.24 and 1.11–1.15 in the case of Copper and Nickel respectively.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X20305396
spellingShingle Dong Ho Nguyen
Koung Moon Kim
Thi To Nguyen Vo
Gyu Hyeon Shim
Ji Hoon Kim
Ho Seon Ahn
Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
title Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
title_full Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
title_fullStr Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
title_full_unstemmed Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
title_short Improvement of thermal-hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel, copper and silver plating
title_sort improvement of thermal hydraulic performance of plate heat exchanger by electroless nickel copper and silver plating
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X20305396
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