Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites

Developments in the field of nanostructures open new ways for designing and manufacturing innovative materials. Here, we focused on new original ways of calculating energy changes during the substitution of foreign ions into the structure of apatites and bioapatites. Using these tools, the energetic...

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Main Authors: Andrzej Kuczumow, Tomasz Blicharski, Mieczysław Gorzelak, Jakub Kosiński, Agnieszka Lasota, Jacek Gągała, Jakub Nowak, Maciej Jarzębski, Mirosław Jabłoński
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-12-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/24/8913
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author Andrzej Kuczumow
Tomasz Blicharski
Mieczysław Gorzelak
Jakub Kosiński
Agnieszka Lasota
Jacek Gągała
Jakub Nowak
Maciej Jarzębski
Mirosław Jabłoński
author_facet Andrzej Kuczumow
Tomasz Blicharski
Mieczysław Gorzelak
Jakub Kosiński
Agnieszka Lasota
Jacek Gągała
Jakub Nowak
Maciej Jarzębski
Mirosław Jabłoński
author_sort Andrzej Kuczumow
collection DOAJ
description Developments in the field of nanostructures open new ways for designing and manufacturing innovative materials. Here, we focused on new original ways of calculating energy changes during the substitution of foreign ions into the structure of apatites and bioapatites. Using these tools, the energetic costs of ion exchanges were calculated for the exemplary cases known from the literature. It was established that the most costly were ion exchanges of some cations inside apatites and of anions, and the least costly exchanges in tetrad channel positions. Real energy expenses for bioapatites are much smaller in comparison to mineral apatites due to the limited involvement of magnesium and carbonates in the structure of hard tissues. They are of the order of several electron volts per ion. The rigorous dependences of the energy changes and crystallographic cell volumes on the ionic radii of introduced cations were proved. The differentiation of the positioning of foreign ions in locations of Ca(I) and Ca(II) could be calculated in the case of a Ca-Pb reaction in hydroxyapatite. The energetic effects of tooth aging were indicated. The ability of energy change calculation during the ion exchange for isomorphic substances widens the advantages resulting from X-ray diffraction measurements.
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spelling doaj.art-da5b2b8a45d6410cad0f569157901c682023-11-24T16:59:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-12-012724891310.3390/molecules27248913Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and BioapatitesAndrzej Kuczumow0Tomasz Blicharski1Mieczysław Gorzelak2Jakub Kosiński3Agnieszka Lasota4Jacek Gągała5Jakub Nowak6Maciej Jarzębski7Mirosław Jabłoński8Lab 196, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, PolandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, PolandChair and Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, PolandLab 196, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, PolandDepartment of Physics and Biophysics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDevelopments in the field of nanostructures open new ways for designing and manufacturing innovative materials. Here, we focused on new original ways of calculating energy changes during the substitution of foreign ions into the structure of apatites and bioapatites. Using these tools, the energetic costs of ion exchanges were calculated for the exemplary cases known from the literature. It was established that the most costly were ion exchanges of some cations inside apatites and of anions, and the least costly exchanges in tetrad channel positions. Real energy expenses for bioapatites are much smaller in comparison to mineral apatites due to the limited involvement of magnesium and carbonates in the structure of hard tissues. They are of the order of several electron volts per ion. The rigorous dependences of the energy changes and crystallographic cell volumes on the ionic radii of introduced cations were proved. The differentiation of the positioning of foreign ions in locations of Ca(I) and Ca(II) could be calculated in the case of a Ca-Pb reaction in hydroxyapatite. The energetic effects of tooth aging were indicated. The ability of energy change calculation during the ion exchange for isomorphic substances widens the advantages resulting from X-ray diffraction measurements.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/24/8913apatitesbioapatiteX-ray diffractionenergy changesion exchanges
spellingShingle Andrzej Kuczumow
Tomasz Blicharski
Mieczysław Gorzelak
Jakub Kosiński
Agnieszka Lasota
Jacek Gągała
Jakub Nowak
Maciej Jarzębski
Mirosław Jabłoński
Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
Molecules
apatites
bioapatite
X-ray diffraction
energy changes
ion exchanges
title Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
title_full Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
title_fullStr Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
title_full_unstemmed Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
title_short Measurements of Energetic States Resulting from Ion Exchanges in the Isomorphic Crystals of Apatites and Bioapatites
title_sort measurements of energetic states resulting from ion exchanges in the isomorphic crystals of apatites and bioapatites
topic apatites
bioapatite
X-ray diffraction
energy changes
ion exchanges
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/24/8913
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