Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The almost universal poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is partly due to symptoms presenting only at late stages and limited effective treatments. Recently, immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors have drastically...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3340 |
| _version_ | 1797548219310276608 |
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| author | Mithunah Krishnamoorthy John G. Lenehan Jeremy P. Burton Saman Maleki Vareki |
| author_facet | Mithunah Krishnamoorthy John G. Lenehan Jeremy P. Burton Saman Maleki Vareki |
| author_sort | Mithunah Krishnamoorthy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The almost universal poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is partly due to symptoms presenting only at late stages and limited effective treatments. Recently, immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors have drastically improved patient survival in metastatic and advanced settings in certain cancers. Unfortunately, these therapies are ineffective in pancreatic cancer. However, tumor biopsies from long-term survivors of pancreatic cancer are more likely to be infiltrated by cytotoxic T-cells and certain species of bacteria that activate T-cells. These observations suggest that T-cell activation is essential for anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancers. This review discusses the immunological mechanisms responsible for effective anti-tumor immunity and how immune-based strategies can be exploited to develop new pancreatic cancer treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da60ac2c09f94749817c905a879485b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-da60ac2c09f94749817c905a879485b62023-11-20T20:38:53ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-11-011211334010.3390/cancers12113340Immunomodulation in Pancreatic CancerMithunah Krishnamoorthy0John G. Lenehan1Jeremy P. Burton2Saman Maleki Vareki3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaCancer Research Laboratory Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, CanadaPancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The almost universal poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is partly due to symptoms presenting only at late stages and limited effective treatments. Recently, immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors have drastically improved patient survival in metastatic and advanced settings in certain cancers. Unfortunately, these therapies are ineffective in pancreatic cancer. However, tumor biopsies from long-term survivors of pancreatic cancer are more likely to be infiltrated by cytotoxic T-cells and certain species of bacteria that activate T-cells. These observations suggest that T-cell activation is essential for anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancers. This review discusses the immunological mechanisms responsible for effective anti-tumor immunity and how immune-based strategies can be exploited to develop new pancreatic cancer treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3340pancreatic cancerpancreatic ductal carcinomaimmunotherapyanti-PD1microbiomefecal microbiota transplant |
| spellingShingle | Mithunah Krishnamoorthy John G. Lenehan Jeremy P. Burton Saman Maleki Vareki Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer Cancers pancreatic cancer pancreatic ductal carcinoma immunotherapy anti-PD1 microbiome fecal microbiota transplant |
| title | Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full | Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_short | Immunomodulation in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_sort | immunomodulation in pancreatic cancer |
| topic | pancreatic cancer pancreatic ductal carcinoma immunotherapy anti-PD1 microbiome fecal microbiota transplant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3340 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mithunahkrishnamoorthy immunomodulationinpancreaticcancer AT johnglenehan immunomodulationinpancreaticcancer AT jeremypburton immunomodulationinpancreaticcancer AT samanmalekivareki immunomodulationinpancreaticcancer |